Atinkson And Shiffrin (1968) Multi-Store Model Of Memory

Question 1

What is the theory of the multi store model memory?

Answer 1

Atkinson and Shiffrin proposed that memory stores differ from each other in the way information is encoded, their capacity, duration and how information is retrieved

Question 2

What is the sensory register and its role?

Answer 2

• immediate memory of sensory information
• if we pay attention to the sensory information it is transferred to our short memory store where we can process it further, if we do not pay attention to it, it decays

Sensory register (attention) —> STM (repetition)—> LTM

Question 3

Short term memory-> capacity, duration, role of rehearsal

Answer 3

Duration: information we pay attention to gets transferred to STM where it can be stored for 15-30 seconds . If we rehearse this information we are able to retain it for much longer.
Capacity: 5-9 chunks of information

Question 4

Long term memory -> capacity, duration

Answer 4

Capacity: Potentially limitless capacity
Duration: can hold information indefinitely

Question 5

Two weaknesses of the Multi-store model of memory

Answer 5

1- overstating the role of rehearsal
2- unlikely that there is only one type of long term memory store, we possibly have several different types

Question 6

strengths of the Multi-store model of memory

Answer 6

1- A lot of supporting evidence, cases of amnesia show how brain injury can damage long-term memories while short-term memories remain intact.

Question 7

Role of attention in memory

Answer 7

The sensory register is the store that receives all of the sensory information around us and holds is very briefly, if we pay attention to this sensory information it is transferred to our short term memory

Question 8

Role of rehearsal in memory

Answer 8

Repeating information over and over again helps to hold it in short term memory for longer, if the information is rehearsed long enough it is then transferred into the long term memory store

Question 9

Structure and process of memory

Answer 9

The sensory register is the store that receives all of the sensory information from our environment and holds it briefly, when we do not pay attention to the information it quickly decays but if we pay attention to this information it is transferred to our short term memory store, when we rehearse this information it is transferred to our long term memory store.

Question 10

Primacy and recency effect

Answer 10

The primacy effect occurs because words at the beginning of the list had been rehearsed and transferred into long term memory. The recency effect is the result of the words still being held in short term memory