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Tropical > Atlas Tropical & Green Architecture 1 > Flashcards

Atlas Tropical & Green Architecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Encompasses the statistics of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, rainfall, atmospheric particle count, and other meteorological elemental measurements in a given region over long periods

A

Climate

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2
Q

The present condition of these elements and their variations over shorter periods

A

Weather

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3
Q

The regional climate of a broad area which can include an area on the scale of tens to hundreds of kilometers

A

Macroclimate

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4
Q

The climatic conditions of a specific localized area, usually measured in terms of tens of yards, sometimes hundreds of yards

A

Mesoclimate

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5
Q

Refers to areas as small as a few square feet (for example a garden bed) or as large as many square miles

A

Microclimate

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6
Q

A storm system characterized by a large low-pressure center and numerous thunderstorms that produce strong winds and heavy rain

A

Tropical cyclone

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7
Q

A mature tropical cyclone that develops in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean between 180 degrees and 100 degrees E

A

Typhoon

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8
Q

Traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation & precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea

A

Monsoon

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9
Q

The monsoon that brings heavy rains to most of the archipelago from May to October (SW - Habagat)

A

Summer monsoon

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10
Q

The monsoon that brings cooler and drier air from December to February (NE - Amihan)

A

Winter monsoon

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11
Q

December to February

A

Winter (cool & dry)

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12
Q

March to May

A

Summer (hot & dry)

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13
Q

June to November

A

Rainy

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14
Q

Daylight when the sun is above the horizon

A

Solar radiation

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15
Q

The important characteristic of earth’s atmosphere which determines the wind & weather patterns

A

Pressure

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16
Q

Force per unit area exerted on the earth’s surface by the weight of the air above the surface; measured by mercury or aneroid barometer

A

Atmospheric or Air Pressure

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17
Q

The ambient air temperature. The air temperature is indicated by a thermometer not affected by the moisture of the air.

A

Dry-bulb temperature

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18
Q

A type of temperature measurement that reflects the physical properties of the system with a mixture of a gas and a vapor, usually air & water vapor; indicated by a moistened thermometer bulb exposed to airflow

A

Wet-bulb temperature

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19
Q

The temperature at which water vapor starts to condense out of the air (the temperature at which air becomes completely saturated)

A

Dew point

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20
Q

The fictitious temperature of the outdoor air which, in the absence of radiative exchanges on the outer surface of the roof or wall, would give the same rate of heat transfer through the wall or roof as the actual combined heat transfer mechanism between the sun, the surface of the roof or wall, the outdoor air and the surrounding

A

Solar air temperature

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21
Q

Amount of moisture present in the air

A

Absolute humidity

22
Q

Weight of unit vapor per unit weight of air

A

Specific humidity

23
Q

The partial pressure of water vapor present in the air

A

Vapor pressure

24
Q

Amount of water in the air measured using a hygrometer

A

Relative humidity

25
Q

Data in the form of total monthly rainfall of maximum rainfall in a 24-hour period; mainly rainfall but could also be dew; measured using the gauge in inches or centimeters

A

Precipitation

26
Q

Resistance to heat

A

R-value

27
Q

Conducting of heat, heat transfer

A

U-value

28
Q

Advertising “green” products that are not

A

Greenwashing

29
Q

The measure of contribution to greenhouse gasses

A

Global warming potential

30
Q

Decrease ozone

A

Ozone depletion potential

31
Q

A deflection of moving objects when they are viewed in a rotating reference frame is caused by the rotation of the Earth and the inertia of the mass experiencing the effect

A

Coriolis effect

32
Q
  • Solar radiation
  • Tilt of the Earth’s axis
  • Thermal balance
  • Winds
  • Topography
A

Climatic factors

33
Q
  • Solar radiation
  • Longwave radiation
  • Air temperature
  • Atmospheric humidity
A

Climatic elements

34
Q
  • UV radiation
  • Visible light
  • Short infrared radiations (radiant heat)
A

Solar radiation

35
Q
  • Radiant heat affects the structure
  • Direct short wave radiation
  • Diffused short wave radiation
  • Reflected short wave radiation
A

Solar radiation

36
Q
  • Absolute humidity
  • Specific humidity
  • Vapor pressure
  • Relative humidity
A

Atmospheric humidity

37
Q

Concerned with the design in tropical countries

A

Tropical design

38
Q

Northeast winds

A

Amihan

39
Q

Southwest winds

A

Habagat

40
Q

Amihan months

A

November to April

41
Q

Habagat months

A

May to October

42
Q
  • Orientation
  • Building design
  • Building envelope
  • Fenestration
  • Building materials
  • Landscape
A

Design considerations

43
Q

The apparent significant seasonal-&-hourly positional changes of the sun (& length of daylight) as the earth rotates & orbits around the sun

A

Sunpath

44
Q

Sometimes referred to as elevation, the angle between the object and the observer’s local horizon

A

Altitude

45
Q

An angular measurement in a spherical coordinate system; vector from an observer (origin) to a point of interest is projected perpendicularly onto a reference plane

A

Azimuth

46
Q

The design of buildings & spaces (interior-exterior-outdoor) based on local climate, aimed at providing thermal and visual comfort, making use of solar energy & other environmental sources

A

Bioclimatic factors

47
Q

The basic element of bioclimatic design

A

Passive solar system

48
Q

The main objectives of bioclimatic design

A

To save energy & to provide thermal comfort for the residents

49
Q

Operate without any mechanical parts or additional power supply & warm or cool buildings naturally

A

Passive systems

50
Q

A cooling system using a building’s design & construction to maintain a comfortable temperature within the building

A

Passive cooling

Tropical (3 decks)

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