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EVSC 1300 > Atmospheric Humidity > Flashcards

Atmospheric Humidity Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the percentage of vapor at the surface?

A

0-4%

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2
Q

What is Dalton’s law of partial pressure?

A

the total pressure inside the parcel is equal to the sum of the pressures of the individual gases.

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3
Q

At what time is vapor most prevalent?

A

vapor is most prevalent during the summer

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4
Q

What is vapor?

A

the liquid water evaporates into the air more than the vapor that’s condensing

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5
Q

When molecules escaping from liquid balanced by the number returning (condensing) means?

A

air is saturated

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6
Q

What does the saturation vapor pressure depend on?

A

only on the temperature

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7
Q

What’s the pattern between the increase of temperature to saturation vapor pressure?

A

saturation vapor pressure will increase (but the evaporation has to equal the amount being condensed); it takes more water vapor to saturate the air

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8
Q

What is Cloud Condensation Nuclei?

A

liquid water condensing into cloud droplets

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9
Q

What makes up CCN?

A

salt, soil particles, ash, dust, pollutants, aerosols, etc.

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10
Q

When does condensation take place?

A

condensation happens when the air is cooled

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11
Q

What is the relationship between cooling air and saturation vapor pressure (es)?

A

cooling air lowers the saturation vapor pressure

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12
Q

What is absolute humidity (rho)?

A

mass of water vapor/volume of air

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13
Q

When does absolute humidity vary?

A

absolute humidity varies as air volume changes whereas water vapor remains constant

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14
Q

What is specific humidity (q)?

A

mass of water vapor/mass of air

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15
Q

What is specific humidity conservative for?

A

pressure (temperature) change

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16
Q

What is the mixing ratio?

A

mass of water vapor/mass of dry air

17
Q

What’s the relationship between specific humidity and mixing ratio (air parcel)?

A

they both remain constant as long as water vapor is not added or removed from the parcel because the total of molecules remain constant as the parcel expands or contracts

18
Q

What is relative humidity?

A

the amount of water vapor (e or vapor pressure) /maximum possible amount of water vapor at a given temperature (es or saturation water vapor)

19
Q

What is RH in close proximity with?

A

measures proximity to saturation

20
Q

What is RH not conservative for?

A

pressure and temperature change

21
Q

With no change in air temperature, adding water vapor, what is going to happen to relative humidity?

A

relative humidity is going to increase as the air approaches saturation

22
Q

No changes in water vapor, an increase in air temperature causes the relative humidity to do what?

A

lowers the relative humidity; whereas if there’s a decrease in air temperature, relative humidity increases

23
Q

When is RH at its highest?

A

when the surface is at its coldest

24
Q

What is dew point temperature (Td)

A

temperature below which any further cooling produces condensation

25
Q

What is the relationship between air temperature and the dew point temperature?

A

when they both equal one another, RH is 100%

26
Q

What happens to form the dew point temperature?

A

Latent heat is released and dew point drops very slowly as vapor is converted to liquid

27
Q

What is frost point (Tf)?

A

dew point below freezing (Td<32 degrees F)

28
Q

When and where is dew point at its highest?

A

around the Gulf of Mexico, and air is more humid in the summer

29
Q

What is wet bulb temperature (Tw)?

A

lowest temperature attained by evaporating water into the air

30
Q

What happens during the process of wet bulb temperature?

A

evaporation removes heat from the air and the temperature drops (T minus Tw= wet bulb depression)

31
Q

What is the dew point depression?

A

T minus Td

32
Q

What’s the relationship between wet bulb temperature and dew point temperature?

A

wet bulb temperature will always be higher than the dew point temperature

33
Q

What instrument is used to measure water vapor content of the air?

A

Psychrometer

EVSC 1300 (6 decks)

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