Atom Flashcards
Structure of a atom (25 cards)
What are the three main subatomic particles in an atom?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
What is the charge of a proton?
Positive.
What is the charge of an electron?
Negative.
What is the charge of a neutron?
Neutral.
True or False: Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.
True.
Fill in the blank: The mass of a proton is approximately _____ times that of an electron.
1836.
Who proposed the ‘plum pudding’ model of the atom?
J.J. Thomson.
What did Thomson’s model suggest about the structure of the atom?
That electrons are embedded in a positively charged ‘soup’.
What experiment did Ernest Rutherford conduct to propose his model of the atom?
Gold foil experiment.
What did Rutherford conclude about the atom’s structure?
That most of the atom is empty space with a dense nucleus at the center.
In Rutherford’s model, what is located in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons.
Multiple Choice: What is the approximate diameter of an atom?
1 angstrom.
What is the role of electrons in an atom?
They determine the chemical properties and reactivity of the atom.
True or False: Neutrons play a role in the chemical behavior of an atom.
False.
What is the atomic number of an element?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Fill in the blank: The mass of an electron is approximately _____ times less than that of a proton.
1/1836.
What did Rutherford’s findings lead to in terms of atomic theory?
The planetary model of the atom.
What is the primary difference between Thomson’s and Rutherford’s models of the atom?
Thomson’s model has a uniform distribution of charge, while Rutherford’s model has a concentrated nucleus.
What is an isotope?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
How does the number of protons affect an atom?
It determines the element and its position on the periodic table.
True or False: All atoms of a given element have the same number of protons.
True.
What is the mass number of an atom?
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Multiple Choice: Which particle is primarily responsible for chemical bonding?
Electrons.
What is the significance of the electron cloud model?
It describes the probable locations of electrons around the nucleus.
