atomic Flashcards
(25 cards)
postulates of daltons atomic theory
matter consists of small indivisible particles the atoms can neither be destroyed nor be created and atom is the smallest unit of matter taking part in a chemical reaction and in a given compound the kind of atoms is same
what are isotopes
isotopes have same atomic number but different mass numbers
how is rutherfords model different from bohrs model
rutherford cudnot give the precise location of a an atom or stability of an atom whil bohrs model gave the precise location and mode of arrangment of the electrons around the nucleus
who discovered protons
goldstein
who discovered nuetrons
james chadwick
who discovered nucleus
lord rutherford
what are the postulates of bohrs atomic theory
the electrons revolve around the nucleus in fixed shells or orbits
as long as the electron revolve around the nucleus in their orbit they can neither lose nor gain energy
why rutherfords model couldnot explain the stability of an atom
in his model the electrons revolve around the nucleus and by centrifugakl force caused due to electron rotation but the electrons radiate energy and move towards the nucleus with a spiral path and collapse
subatomic particles of atom
proton electron nuetron proton positive electron negative and nuetron no charge
what is atomic number
atomic number is the number of protons and electrons
what are nucleons
the total number of protons and nuetrons also clled mass number is nucleons
what are nuetrons
mass number minus atomic number
electronic configuration rules 2
2n square and the outermost shell should have only 8 electrons
electronic configuration of magnesium
2,8,2
def isotopes in a different manner
istopes have similiar chemical properties but different physical properties
why does istopes have similiar chemical prperties
chemical properties are depended on the electronic configuration since isotopes ahve same atomic number they have same protons and electrons and since same electronic confihgurtion
why do isotopes have different physical properties
physical properties are depemdent on mass number since isotopes have different mass number and differnt nuetrons
what are noble gases
noble gases have stable electronic configuration and they have already achieved complete configuration that is ttheir outermost shell is complete octet rule and duplet rule
what is a chemical bond
the force which acts between two or more atoms to hold them together as a stable molecule is called chemical bond
what is chemical bonding
the process in which a force acting on two or more atoms come together as a stable molecule is called chemical bonding
what is electrovalent bond
the chemical bond formed as a result when two atoms combine and there is transfer of electrons from an atom of mettalic element to nonmetallic element is called electrovalent ond
what is covalent bond
a chemical bond formed by mutual sharing of electrons by an atom of the nonmetallic elemet is called covalent bond
examples of electrovalent compounds
nacl mgcl2 and cao
examples of covalent molecule
hydrogen ammonia nitrogen water carbon tetreachloride chlorine oxygen
