Atomic and Nuclear Physics Flashcards
Name the five most important Fundamental Particles in Nuclear Engineering?
Electron, Proton, Neutron, Neutrino, Photon
What is the rest mass of an electron?
9.1x10^(-28)g
What is the mass of a Proton?
1.67x10^(-24) but slightly less than a Neutron
What is the mass of a Neutron?
1.67x10^(-24) but slightly more than a Proton
What is the mass of a Photon?
Zero
What is the mass and charge of a Neutrino?
Zero and zero.
What is Rest Mass?
The mass of a particle with zero speed relative to the observer. Einstein showed that the mass is a function of speed relative to the observer, so it must be technically be specified
What is Electron Annihilation?
When two electrons of opposite charge collide and create a photon.
What is Annihilation Radiation?
The photons that are created during electron annihilation
Are neutrons stable?
No, unless within a nucleus. Free neutrons decay into a proton releasing a negative electron and an antineutrino.
What is the speed of light?
c = 3x10^(10)
What is a Nucleon?
A particle found in the nucleus
What is a particles atomic number
The number of protons in the nucleus
What is a particles atomic mass?
The sum of the number of neutrons and protons
What is an isotope?
A version of an element with a different number of neutrons
What can be determined from a nuclide symbol?
Mass number = top left
Electric charge = top right
Atomic number = bottom left
Average atomic weight = bottom
What is the atomic weight of an atom?
The mass of the atom relative to the mass of one twelth of a C-12 atom
M_a = ma/(mcarbon/12)
What is a mole of a substance?
The gram atomic weight = 1 mole
What is an atoms Gram Atomic Weight?
The weight equal to the N grams
Where N is the atomic weight.
What is Avogadro’s number?
0.602 x 10^(-23). It is defined as the number of atoms in one mole of a substance.
What is an atomic mass unit (amu)?
1.66 x 10^(-24) One twelfth the mass of a C-12 atom.
What is the average radius of an atom?
10^(-10)
What is the average radius of a nucleus?
10^(-14)
What is the equation for estimating the radius of a nucleus?
R = 1.25 x 10^(-15) x A^(1/3)
Where A is the atomic mass number
