Atomic Bonding Flashcards
(39 cards)
What does the nucleus of an atom consist of?
positively charged protons and
neutral neutrons.
What is the net charge of the nucleus?
It has a net positive charge.
What is an orbital?
A region of space where and electron is most likely to be found.
What is the principal quantum number symbolized by?
n
What does the principal quantum number tell us?
The main energy level/shell occupied by the electron.
What happens if ‘n’ increases?
As ‘n’ increases the average distance of the electron from the nucleus increases, as does the energy.
What does the angular momentum quantum number symbolized by?
L
What does the angular momentum quantum number tell us?
It indicates the shape of the orbital.
What is the highest value that the quantum number can be?
n-1.
What can the angular momentum quantum number be classed as?
Sub-shell
What is ‘l=0’ referred to as and what is its shape?
An ‘s’ orbital. sphere.
What is ‘l=1’ referred to as and what is its shape?
A ‘p’ orbital, dumbbell/bowtie shape.
What is the magnetic quantum number symbolised by?
‘m↓l’ (m subscript l)
What does the magnetic quantum number tell us?
The orientation of a orbital around the nucleus.
What values can ‘m↓l’ have?
-L to +L
What is the spin quantum number symbolised by?
‘m↓s’(m subscript s)
What does the spin quantum number represent?
The direction that the electron spins in.
What values can the spin quantum number have?
+1/2 or -1/2
What can the values of the spin quantum be referred to as?
Spin up (+1/2) Spin down (-1/2)
How can we calculate the number of orbitals in an energy level?
n^2 (n squared)
How many electrons can you fit in an orbital?
2
If an orbital has two electrons inside of it, what spin quantum values do they each have?
One must be +1/2 and the other -1/2.
How is the number of electrons per shell/ energy level calculated?
2n^2 (2 n squared)
How many orbitals are there when n=2?
4 (2 squared =4)
