Atomic Bonding

Question 1

What does the nucleus of an atom consist of?

Answer 1

positively charged protons and

neutral neutrons.

Question 2

What is the net charge of the nucleus?

Answer 2

It has a net positive charge.

Question 3

What is an orbital?

Answer 3

A region of space where and electron is most likely to be found.

Question 4

What is the principal quantum number symbolized by?

Answer 4

n

Question 5

What does the principal quantum number tell us?

Answer 5

The main energy level/shell occupied by the electron.

Question 6

What happens if ‘n’ increases?

Answer 6

As ‘n’ increases the average distance of the electron from the nucleus increases, as does the energy.

Question 7

What does the angular momentum quantum number symbolized by?

Answer 7

L

Question 8

What does the angular momentum quantum number tell us?

Answer 8

It indicates the shape of the orbital.

Question 9

What is the highest value that the quantum number can be?

Answer 9

n-1.

Question 10

What can the angular momentum quantum number be classed as?

Answer 10

Sub-shell

Question 11

What is ‘l=0’ referred to as and what is its shape?

Answer 11

An ‘s’ orbital. sphere.

Question 12

What is ‘l=1’ referred to as and what is its shape?

Answer 12

A ‘p’ orbital, dumbbell/bowtie shape.

Question 13

What is the magnetic quantum number symbolised by?

Answer 13

‘m↓l’ (m subscript l)

Question 14

What does the magnetic quantum number tell us?

Answer 14

The orientation of a orbital around the nucleus.

Question 15

What values can ‘m↓l’ have?

Answer 15

-L to +L

Question 16

What is the spin quantum number symbolised by?

Answer 16

‘m↓s’(m subscript s)

Question 17

What does the spin quantum number represent?

Answer 17

The direction that the electron spins in.

Question 18

What values can the spin quantum number have?

Answer 18

+1/2 or -1/2

Question 19

What can the values of the spin quantum be referred to as?

Answer 19

Spin up (+1/2) 
Spin down (-1/2)

Question 20

How can we calculate the number of orbitals in an energy level?

Answer 20

n^2 (n squared)

Question 21

How many electrons can you fit in an orbital?

Answer 21

2

Question 22

If an orbital has two electrons inside of it, what spin quantum values do they each have?

Answer 22

One must be +1/2 and the other -1/2.

Question 23

How is the number of electrons per shell/ energy level calculated?

Answer 23

2n^2 (2 n squared)

Question 24

How many orbitals are there when n=2?

Answer 24

4 (2 squared =4)

Question 25

How many electrons are there in an ‘s’ orbital?

Answer 25

2

Question 26

How many electrons are there in an ‘p’ orbital?

Answer 26

6

Question 27

How many electrons are there in an ‘d’ orbital?

Answer 27

10

Question 28

How many electrons are there in an ‘f’ orbital?

Answer 28

14

Question 29

How many orientations does a ‘s’ orbital have?

Answer 29

1

Question 30

How many orientations does a ‘p’ orbital have?

Answer 30

3

Question 31

How many orientations does a ‘d’ orbital have?

Answer 31

5

Question 32

How many orientations does a ‘f’ orbital have?

Answer 32

7

Question 33

Define the term ‘valence electrons’.

Answer 33

The number of electrons in the outermost shell.

Question 34

Define the term ‘valence’.

Answer 34

The number of electrons that take part in chemical reactions or bonding.

Question 35

What does the atomic number tell us?

Answer 35

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 36

What can make an ionic bond stronger?

Answer 36

More electrons/greater charge.

Question 37

Name a characteristic of an ion.

Answer 37

High melting point.

Question 38

Name a limitation of ionic bonding.

Answer 38

It can only happen between 2 different elements.

Question 39

What is covalent bonding?

Answer 39

When atoms share two or more valence electrons.