Atomic Molecular Theory Flashcards
Who developed the Atomic Molecular Theory first?
M.V. Lomonosov
What is the name of the doctrine which Lomonosov released?
Elements of Mathematical Chemistry
In which year was Lomonosov’s doctrine released?
1741
What are the teachings of Lomonosov’s doctrine?
- Substances consists of corpusculous(molecules),
- Molecules consist of elements(atoms)
- Molecules, particles and atoms are in continuous motion and are the reason of the thermal state of bodies.
- Molecules of simple substances consist of identical atoms while molecules of complex substances consist of different atoms.
Who was John Dalton?
An English scientist who applied the atomistic doctrine in chemistry.
What was the name of John Dalton’s book?
The New System of Chemical Philosophy
When did John Dalton release his book?
In the year 1808
What was the difference between John Dalton’s and Lomonosov’s teachings?
Dalton’s teachings, at its core, repeated Lomonosov’s teachings, with the exception of Dalton denying the existence of molecules in simple substances.
According to Dalton, what does a simple substance and a complex substance consist of?
A simple substance consists of atoms while a complex substance consists of complex atoms (in today’s understanding, molecules)
When was the atomic molecular theory finally established?
In the middle of the 19th Century at the international congress of chemists, in Karlsruhe
What is a molecule?
The smallest particle of a given substance that has its chemical properties
What is an atom?
The smallest particle of a chemical element that is part of the molecules of simple and complex substances.
What determines the chemical properties of an element?
The structure of an atom
What definition of an atom corresponds to modern ideas?
An atom is a chemically neutral particle consisting of a positively charged atomic nucleus and a negatively charged electrons.
According to modern ideas, what are substances in gaseous and vaporous state made up of?
Molecules
