Atomic structure Flashcards
What is an atomic orbital?
The region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins.
What is an electron?
A cloud of negative charge.
What shape is the S orbital?
spherical
what shape is the p orbital?
dumb bell
What are the two anomalies with electronic configuration?
Copper (3d^10 4s^1)
Chromium (3d^5 4s^1)
Why do we have anomalies with electronic configuration?
Because the 3d sub shell is more stable when it is either half full or completely full.
What is the order of electron shells?
1s^2 • 2s^2 • 2p^6 • 3s^2 • 3p^6 • 4s^2 • 3d^10 • 4p^6
What is covalent bonding?
The strong electrostatic forces of attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms.
What is ionic bonding?
The electrostatic forces of attraction between positive and negative ions.
Define the term ionisation energy.
The energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms.
what is a dative covalent bond?
When the two electrons derive from the same atom.
