Atomic Structure

Question 1

What are Atoms?

Answer 1

Atoms are the building blocks of substances in this world, all substances are made up of atoms.

Question 2

What is an Element?

Answer 2

An element is a substance that contains only one type of atom. They are arranged in the periodic table.

Question 3

What is a Compound?

Answer 3

A compound is a substance that contains two or more elements that are chemically bonded.

Question 4

What is the atom made up of?

Answer 4

In an atom there are smaller components known as sub-atomic particles that the atoms are made up of.

Question 5

What does the structure of an Atom look like?

Answer 5

There is a nucleus in the middle that is made up of protons and neutrons and the electrons revolve around the nucleus.

Question 6

How do you work out the mass number?

Answer 6

number of neutrons + number of protons

Question 7

What happens when you get more electrons?

Answer 7

You get more shells

Question 8

What is the atomic number?

Answer 8

Atomic Number is the Number of protons in the Atom. In the AQA GCSE Periodic table, the Atomic number is the number on the bottom.

Question 9

How do you work out the atomic number?

Answer 9

Number of protons = number of electrons

Question 10

How do you work out the number of neutrons?

Answer 10

Mass number - Atomic Number

Question 11

Relative Charge and mass of proton?

Answer 11

Charge: + 1
Mass: 1

Question 12

Relative charge and mass of Neutron?

Answer 12

Charge: 0
Mass: 1

Question 13

Relative charge and mass of Electron?

Answer 13

Charge: - 1
Mass: Very small ( 1/2000)

Question 14

What are Ions?

Answer 14

An Ion is a charged atom (or a group of atoms), they can either be positively charged or negatively charged.

Question 15

What are isotopes?

Answer 15

Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons, thus a different atomic mass but the same atomic number.

Question 16

What is the electronic configuration (i.e. How many electrons can each shell hold)?

Answer 16

1st shell - 2 electrons

2nd shell - 8 electrons

3rd shell - 8 electrons

4th shell - Begins to fill up (18 electrons)

Question 17

What do number of electrons in the outermost shell equal?

Answer 17

Group Number

Question 18

What do number of shells equal?

Answer 18

Period number

Question 19

Why are noble gases unreactive?

Answer 19

Because they have a full outer shell

Question 20

Can noble gases form compounds?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

What is a compound?

Answer 21

1 or more different types of atom that are chemically bonded

Question 22

What is a molecule?

Answer 22

Contains 2 or more atoms joined together that are either the same or different

Question 23

What is a mixture?

Answer 23

A mixture is made up of two or more substances (element or compound) that are NOT chemically bonded.

Question 24

What type of mixture is separated when decanting?

Answer 24

insoluble solid from a liquid

Question 25

What type of mixture is separated in filtration?

Answer 25

substances that are insoluble in a solvent from those that are soluble in the solvent.

Question 26

What type of mixture is separated in Crystallisation?

Answer 26

Crystillisation separates a soluble solid from a solvent.

Question 27

What type of mixture is separated in distillation?

Answer 27

A solvent from a solution is separated but the solvent is collected.

Question 28

What type of mixture is separated in fractional distillation?

Answer 28

Mixture of miscible liquids

Question 29

What type of mixture is separated in chromatography?

Answer 29

Mixture of soluble solids

Question 30

Example of the solvent?

Answer 30

Water

Question 31

Example of the solute?

Answer 31

Salt