atomic structure Flashcards

(24 cards)

1
Q

a neutral atom has more electrons than

A

ions

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2
Q

What are atoms

A

1.smallest particles of an element that have the chemical properties of that element
2.elements are made up of the same type of atoms

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3
Q

what can you infer from the observation that most alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil

A

atoms are mostly empty space

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4
Q

what can you infer from the observation that a few alpha particles(+) deflected after passing through the gold foil

A

nucleus of gold atom contains positive charges

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5
Q

what can you infer from the observation that 1 in 10000 alpha particles bounced back from the gold foil

A

the alpha particles collided with the positively charged nucleus of the gold atom

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6
Q

what does an atom consists of

A

1.a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons
2.electrons are orbiting in its respective shells (energy levels)
3. nucleus is tiny in comparison to the size of atom

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7
Q

mass of electron

A

1/1840

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8
Q

why negatively charged electrons do not get attracted to positively charged nucleus

A

electrons are orbiting VERY FAST in its respective electron shells

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9
Q

what do valence electrons influence

A

chemical properties

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10
Q

what do number of neutrons influence

A

physical properties

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11
Q

chemical reaction only involves

A

electrons

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12
Q

define isotope

A

atoms of the same element with same number of protons & electrons but different number of neutrons

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13
Q

nucleon number affects

A

relative mass and physical properties

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14
Q

why do negatively charged electrons not get attracted to the positively charged nucleus

A

electrons are orbiting very fast in its respective shells

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15
Q

cations are

A

metals form positively charged ions (hydrogen and ammonia)

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16
Q

anions are

A

non metal form negatively charged ions

17
Q

what happens if too many electrons are added to an atom

A

strong repulsion when added, might break apart due to strong negative charge

18
Q

what is an ion

A

charged particle formed from an atom or a group of atoms by gain or loss of electrons

19
Q

group of atoms in other words

A

polyatomic - sulfur sulfate

20
Q

sharing valence electrons

A

covalent bond (non metal and non metal)

21
Q

lose or gain valence electrons

A

ionic bonds (metal and non metal)

22
Q

why is argon used to fill tungsten light bulbs but not oxygen

A

metal serves as fuel for oxygen to cause flame

23
Q

two valence electrons

A

duplet configuration

24
Q

8 valence electrons

A

octet configuration