Atomic Structure Flashcards
What did J.J Thomson discover?
Even smaller particles can be pulled out of atoms using a very high voltage - the discovery of the electron
What idea was put forward byJohn Dalton?
Everything is made from atoms.
What did Ernest Rutherford discover?
Atoms are not solid but they have a very dense centre called a nucleus.
What did Niels Bohr discover?
‘The solar system atom’ - the nucleus in the centre (sun) with the electrons orbiting around it (planets)
What type of mass do atoms have?
Low
What’s it the middle of an atom?
Nucleus
What charge does a nucleus have?
Postive
What is a nucleus made up of?
Protons and neutrons
What charge do protons have?
Positive
What charge do neutrons have?
Neutral
What charge do electrons have?
Negative
What is the space around a nucleus filled with?
Electrons
What are electrons arranged in?
Shells
What charge does an atom have?
No charge
What is an element?
Something that cannot be broken down chemically and contains only one type of atom
What is a compound?
Something that contains at least two elements that are chemically combined
In the periodic table, what number is underneath the element?
Atomic number
What is atomic number?
Number of protons in the atom
What is an isotope?
Elements that have same atomic number but different mass number
What is the mass number?
Total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Isotopes have the…
Same atomic number but a different mass number
How many electrons are in the first shell?
2
How many electrons can an outer shell hold in order to become full?
8
Elements in the same group have the same number of…
Electrons
