Atomic Structure and Atomic Mass

Question 1

Location of protons

Answer 1

Nucleus

Question 2

Charge of protons

Answer 2

Positive

Question 3

Mass of protons

Answer 3

1 amu

Question 4

Location of electrons

Answer 4

Electron clouds/energy levels

Question 5

Charge of electrons

Answer 5

Negative

Question 6

Mass of electrons

Answer 6

1/1840 amu

Question 7

Location of neutrons

Answer 7

Nucleus

Question 8

Charge of neutrons

Answer 8

Neutral

Question 9

Mass of neutrons

Answer 9

1 amu

Question 10

How many electrons fit into the first electron shell

Answer 10

2

Question 11

How many electrons fit into the second electron shell

Answer 11

8

Question 12

What represents the atomic number

Answer 12

Z

Question 13

What represents the mass number

Answer 13

A

Question 14

What represents the element

Answer 14

X

Question 15

How is the number of neutrons calculated

Answer 15

Mass number - Atomic number

Question 16

What are isotopes

Answer 16

Atoms that have the same number of protons (atomic
number) but different numbers of neutrons (and therefore different mass numbers)
are known as isotopes.

Question 17

What are the properties of isotopes

Answer 17

Isotopes have identical chemical properties but different physical properties e.g mass and density

Question 18

What is the most common carbon isotope after carbon-12

Answer 18

Carbon-14

Question 19

What is a flame test

Answer 19

A flame test is a simple method that can be used to determine the identity of a metal in a sample.

Question 20

How does the flame test work?

Answer 20

When heated, electrons are ‘excited’ and jump to higher shells or energy levels. When they jump back down to their ground state the energy is released as photons.

Question 21

What colour does Li produce when heated

Answer 21

Crimson

Question 23

What colour does Rb produce when heated

Answer 23

red-violet

Question 24

What colour does Na produce when heated

Answer 24

A strong persistent orange

Question 25

What colour does K produce when heated

Answer 25

Lilac

Question 26

What colour does St produce when heated

Answer 26

Scarlet

Question 27

What colour does Cu produce when heated

Answer 27

Green-blue

Question 28

What colour does Ba produce when heated

Answer 28

Yellow-green

Question 30

Continuous electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 30

A continuous electromagnetic spectrum refers to a range of electromagnetic radiation frequencies or wavelengths that cover all possible values without any gaps or interruptions. This spectrum includes a continuous spread of energies, ranging from very low-frequency radio waves to very high-frequency gamma rays, and everything in between, such as microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, and X-rays.

Question 31

Emmission electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 31

The wavelengths at which a substance emits energy

Question 32

Lyman series

Answer 32

UV, principle quantum number = 1 (n=1

Question 33

Balmer series

Answer 33

Visible light, principle quantum number = 2 (n=2)

Question 34

Paschen series

Answer 34

Infared, principle quantum number = 3 (n=3)

Question 35

What is a mass spectrum

Answer 35

A graph which shows the abundance of relative isotopes mass

Question 36

How is a mass spectrum produced

Answer 36

Through a mass spectrometer

Question 37

How does a mass spectrometer operate

Answer 37

Substance is vapourised so its monatomic. Then it is ionised by an electron gun and accelerated using a negative and positively charged field succesively. It is defracted by a magnet and then detected.

Question 38

Substances of lighter masses will defract more or less

Answer 38

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