Atomic Structure and Formulae

Question 1

What is atomic number?

Answer 1

The number of protons an element has in an atom

Question 2

What is an ion?

Answer 2

A charged particle

Question 3

What is an istope?

Answer 3

An atom with a constant number of protons and electrons but with a different number of neutrons

Question 4

What is relative atomic mass?

Answer 4

the average mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12 of a C-12 atom

Question 5

What is relative isotopic mass?

Answer 5

the mass of one isotope of an atom compared to 1/12 of a C-12 atom

Question 6

Equation for RAM using abundance

Answer 6

                                                       100

Question 7

Equation for percentage mass

Answer 7

RAM of substance A
divided by
Relative molecular mass of entire compound

Question 8

How to write an ionic equation

Answer 8

1) only split aq substances
2) little numbers moved to front Cl^2 becomes 2Cl)
3) duplicate ions on either side removed (ions that undergo no change)
4) rewrite equation with what’s left

Question 9

How to calculate empirical formulae

Answer 9

1) Mass/Mr for all elements
2) divide all by smallest result
3) simplify ratio

Question 10

What is the value for Avogadro’s constant?

Answer 10

6.02x10^23

Question 11

What does Avogadro’s constant represent?

Answer 11

The number of atoms per mole of carbon - 12

Question 12

What is molar mass?

Answer 12

The mass per mol (g/mol) (Mr)

Question 13

What is the equation for moles?

Answer 13

Mass/Mr

Question 14

How do you find number of particles/atoms in a substance?

Answer 14

moles x Avogadro’s constant

Question 15

Definition of empirical formula

Answer 15

smallest whole number ratio of atoms of an element in a compound

Question 16

Definition of empirical mass

Answer 16

Total mass of all atoms in empirical formula

Question 17

Definition of molecular formula

Answer 17

actual numbers number of atoms of each element

Question 18

What ions do alkali metals make?

Answer 18

(symbol) 1+

Question 19

What ions do group 2 metals make?

Answer 19

(symbol) 2+

Question 20

What ion does Aluminium make?

Answer 20

(Al)3+

Question 21

What ion does silver make?

Answer 21

(Ag)+

Question 22

What ion does zinc make?

Answer 22

(Zn)2+

Question 23

What ion does ammonium make?

Answer 23

(NH4)+

Question 24

What ion does hydrogen make?

Answer 24

(H) -

Question 25

What ions do halogens make?

Answer 25

(symbol) -

Question 26

What ions do group 6 elements make?

Answer 26

(symbol) 2-

Question 27

What ion does nitrate make?

Answer 27

(NO3)-

Question 28

What ion does sulfate make?

Answer 28

(SO4) 2-

Question 29

What ion does carbonate make?

Answer 29

(CO3) 2-

Question 30

What ion does hydrogencarbonate make?

Answer 30

(HCO3)-

Question 31

What ion does hydroxide make?

Answer 31

(OH)-

Question 32

What ion does hydride make?

Answer 32

(H)-

Question 33

What ion does phosphate make?

Answer 33

(PO4) 3-

Question 34

What ion does chlorate make?

Answer 34

(ClO3)-