Atomic structure and the periodic table Flashcards
(21 cards)
Electron
A subatomic particle that has a negative charge and is found orbiting the nucleus
Proton
A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
Neutron
A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
Nucleus
The center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons
Atom
The basic unit of a chemical element.
Atomic number
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element
Mass number
the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of an element
Element
A pure substance made of only one kind of atom
Isotope
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
Valence Electrons
Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom
Periodic table group
Vertical column in the periodic table
Periodic table period
A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table
Halogen
An element found in group 17 (or VII) of the periodic table
Noble gas
An element found in group 18 (or VIII) of the periodic table
Alkali metal
An element found in group 1 of the periodic table
Alkaline Earth metal
An element found in group 2 of the periodic table
Electron shell
An energy level representing the distance of an electron from the nucleus of an atom.
Ductile
Can be drawn into wires
Malleable
Capable of being changed; easily shaped
Electron configuration
The arrangement of electrons in an atom
