Atomic Structure and The Periodic Table Flashcards
All substances are made up of ______.
Atoms
An atom is the smallest part of an _____.
Element
What is an element?
A substance that contains only one type of atom.
How many elements are there?
118
Atoms of each element are represented by ________ ________.
Chemical symbols e.g. sodium - Na
What does a compound contain?
Two or more elements, which are chemically combined in fixed proportions.
What are compounds represented in?
A chemical formula
How are compounds separated?
Through chemical reactions or electrolysis
Chemical reactions can be summed up through a _____ _______ or balanced _______ _________.
Word equation or balanced symbol equation
What are reactants?
The substances that react
What are products?
The new substances that are formed
The mass of both are ______.
Equal
They both contain the same _____.
Atoms
What do mixtures consist of?
2 or more elements or compounds which are not chemically combined
The components of a mixture retain their own _________.
Properties
Mixtures can be separated by ______ __________.
Physical processes
What is filtration used to separate?
Soluble solids from insoluble solids
What is crystallisation used to obtain?
A soluble solid from a solution
What is simple distillation used to obtain?
A solvent from a solution
What is fractional distillation used to separate?
Mixtures in which the components have different boiling points
What is chromatography used to separate?
Different soluble, coloured components of a mixture
What is ionic bonding?
The gaining or losing of electrons
What is covalent bonding?
The sharing of electrons
What is metallic bonding?
an attraction between positive ions and de-localised negatively charged electrons
