Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is an Element?
An element is a substance that consists of only one type of atom and it cannot be broken down.
What is a Compound?
When 2 elements react and atoms combine with other atoms.
What is a Mixture?
Two or more elements or compound mixed together without a chemical bond.
What is an Isotope?
Different form of the same element, which have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
What is in the nucleus of the atom?
Protons and Neutrons
What orbits around the nucleus and where does it orbit?
Electrons in outer shell
Name all the ways to separate mixtures
Chromatography
Filtration
Crystallisation
Distillation & Fractional Distillation
Who came up with the solid spheres theory?
John Dalton start of 19th Century
Who came up with the Plum Pudding Model?
JJ Thomson in 1897
Who came up with the Nuclear Model (cloud of electrons)?
Ernest Rutherford in 1909
Who updated the Nuclear Model?
Niels Bohr
How many electrons goes to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd shell?
2,8,8
How many electrons goes to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd shell?
2,8,8
Who came up with the modern Periodic Table
Dmitri Mendeleev
Who came up with the modern Periodic Table?
Dmitri Mendeleev
What is the Mass Number?
the number of neutrons and protons.
What is the Mass Number?
the number of neutrons and protons.
What is the Atomic Number?
The number of protons.
What is the Atomic Number?
The number of protons.
State the properties of Transition Metals.
- Good conductor of heat and electricity, dense, strong, shiny.
- Can have more than one ions.
- Good catalysts.
State the properties of transition metals.
- Good conductor of heat and electricity, dense, strong, shiny.
- Can have more than one ions.
State the properties of Alkali Metals.
- Soft and low density
- One electron in their electron in their outer shell making them very reactive.
- Form Ionic Compound with Non-Metals. (1+ ions).
Why does the reactivity of Alkali Metal go up as you go down the periodic table?
Because the 1 electron in the outermost shell become easier to be lost because the further it is, the less attraction there would be to the nucleus.
State the properties of Halogens
- Diatomic molecules.
- Very reactive as they only need 1 electron to gain a full outer shell.
- Mostly poisonous.
- Can share electrons by Covalent Bonding.
- Ionic bonding with metals (1- ions)
