Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table Flashcards
(16 cards)
An element is a substance that cannot what and is made up of one type of what?
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into anything simpler and are made up of only one type of atom.
What is meant by the term atom?
Atoms are the smallest particle of an element, which are far too small to see. Even the most powerful microscopes cannot visualise a single atom. If the earth’s population of 7 billion people were the size of an atom, they would take up less than 1mm of space.
Where are protons and neutrons found?
In the nucleus of an atom.
Where are electrons found?
In the shells around the nucleus of an atom.
Are protons positively or negatively charged?
Protons are positively charged.
Are neutrons negatively or positively charged?
Neutrons are neutral. They are neither positively or negatively charged.
Are electrons positively or negatively charged?
Electrons are negatively charged.
Elements are arranged in the Periodic Table according to their what?
Elements are arranged in the Periodic Table according to their atomic number.
How is the atomic number of an element calculated?
The atomic number of an element is calculated the number of protons that the element contains.
In a neutral atom, what will be equal?
The number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom will be equal.
How is the mass number of an atom calculated?
The mass number of an atom is equal to the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus.
What is a group in the Periodic Table?
A group is a column in the Periodic Table.
In the Periodic Table, what does a group number represent?
A group number represents the number of electrons in the outer shell of an atom.
What is a period in the Periodic Table?
In the Periodic Table, a period is a row.
What does a period number represent in the Periodic Table?
In the Periodic Table, a period number represents the number of shells that an atom has.
Elements in the same group of the Periodic Table have similar chemical properties. Why is this?
Because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.
