atomic structure : topic 2 Flashcards
(21 cards)
what is the name given to the small particles from which elements are made
the particles are called atoms
what is the name given to the center or ‘core’ of an atom
the center is called the nucleus
what are the three small particles that make up an atom
proton, neutron and electrons
where are protons and neutrons found within an atom
they are found in the nucleus
where are electrons found within an atom
they orbit around the nucleus
what charge does a proton have
positive charge
what charge do neutrons have
these are neutral so they have no charge
what charge to electrons have
they have a positive charge
what does the atomic number of an element mean
it is the number of protons in the element
how much electrons can be held in the first energy level of an atom
2 electrons
how much electrons can be held in both the second and third energy level of an atom
8 electrons
why is an atom neutral
because the number of protons and electrons are equal so they cancel out each other
how much protons does lithium have if its atomic number is 3
3 protons
what charge has an ion got if it gives away an electron
positive
what charge has an ion got if it if it adds an electron
negative
what does the bottom left number of an atom symbol mean
it is the atomic number `
what does the top left number of an atom symbol mean
it is the mass number
what is the definition of an isotope
atoms with the same atomic number but have different mass numbers
how do you get the mass number of an atom
you add the amount of protons and the amount of neutrons together
how do you get the neutron number
mass number takeaway the atomic number
how do you get the number of protons
it is the same as the atomic number
