Atomic Theory

Question 1

Which scientists first described all matter in terms of atoms and their properties?

Answer 1

Dalton

Question 2

What did Dalton say all matter is made of?

Answer 2

tiny particles called atoms

Question 3

What is Lavoisier’s law of conservation of mass?

Answer 3

mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.

Question 4

What is the law of constant composition?

Answer 4

States that elements combine in fixed ratios/proportions to form compounds, and it does not depend upon the source or the method of preparation

Question 5

Dalton claimed that atoms cannot be…?

Answer 5

created, destroyed, or divided

Question 6

What theory explains that atoms of the same element are identical in size, mass, and properties?

Answer 6

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Question 7

In Dalton’s atomic theory, What does he claim about elements?

Answer 7

They are all different from one another and they contain distinct properties

Question 8

In Dalton’s atomic theory, what are compounds?

Answer 8

atoms of different elements combined in fixed whole-number ratios

Question 9

In Dalton’s atomic theory, what are chemical reactions?

Answer 9

Atoms separated, recombined, and rearranged into new substances

Question 10

What was Dalton’s strength?

Answer 10

Able to explain why elements differ from non- elements and from each other

Question 11

What was Dalton’s weakness?

Answer 11

Incorrect about how atoms are indestructible and indivisible. Atoms can be split into subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons)

Question 12

What is the plum pudding model of atom?

Answer 12

first model to show the inside of an atom
shows how elections are negatively charged particles within the positively charged.

Question 12

what are electrons in Thomson’s atomic theory?

Answer 12

negatively charge particles that are found in the space surrounding the nucleus

Question 13

What did Thomson contribute to the atomic theory?

Answer 13

Atoms are divisible and they contain electrons

Question 14

What is Thomson’s cathode ray?

Answer 14

stream of electrons that are released from the negative electrode (cathode) in a vacuum tube. These rays are invisible but can be detected when they strike certain materials, causing them to glow

Question 15

How did Thomson use the cathode ray to study particles?

Answer 15

Cathode rays helped in discovering the electron and developing atomic models

Question 16

What was Thomson’s strength?

Answer 16

discovered the electron and the charges inside an atom

Question 17

What was Thomson’s weakness?

Answer 17

arrangement of negative and positive changes incorrect

Question 18

What was Rutherford’s strength?

Answer 18

able to explain the organization of charges in an atom

Question 19

What was Rutherford’s weakness?

Answer 19

doesn’t clearly explain how the electrons are organized outside of the nucleus (especially if an atom has many electrons)

Question 20

What is Rutherford’s gold foil experiment?

Answer 20

showed that the atom is mostly empty space with a tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus

Question 21

What is Rutherford’s atom model called?

Answer 21

the nuclear model of the atom

Question 22

What did Rutherford find out about atoms?

Answer 22

They have a small, dense, positively charged nucleus where most of the mass is concentrated

Question 23

Who first made up the idea of matter?What did he propose?

Answer 23

Greek philosopher Democritus proposed the idea that matter is made up of tiny particles that exist in empty space.

Question 24

What is the kinetic molecular theory of matter?

Answer 24

Based on the idea that matter is made up of tiny particles in motion.

Question 25

What did Dalton do that Democritus couldn't

Answer 25

he was able to conduct controlled scientific experiments. Had more access glassware the measure changes in matter.

Question 26

What are electrons?

Answer 26

negatively charged particles that are found in the space surrounding the nucleus

Question 27

What are nucleus?

Answer 27

positively charged centre of an atom that contains protons and neutrons; smaller compared to atoms

Question 28

what are protons?

Answer 28

positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom

Question 29

What are neutrons?

Answer 29

particles with no charge that are found in the nucleus of an atomhnm

Question 30

If you want to change the charge of the atom, you can

Answer 30

add a proton or electron

Question 31

if you want to change the type of element the atom is, you can

Answer 31

add a proton

Question 32

If you want to change the mass of your atom, you can

Answer 32

add a proton or neutron

Question 33

If you add 1 proton and 1 neutron to an atom will and element and mass change

Answer 33

Yes, adding a proton and neutron can change the atom, mass, or/and unit. The charge would change from the old charge to add 1 position

Question 34

How many protons and electrons tell between positive or negative ions

Answer 34

Positive: more protons than electrons Negative: more electrons than protons

Question 35

create a rule of determining the mass of an atom

Answer 35

add number of proton and number of neutrons