Atoms Flashcards
(26 cards)
What was democratic’s theory?
Matter could not be divided into smaller, smaller pieces forever eventually the smallest possible piece would be obtained he named the smallest piece of matter atomos meaning not to be cut
What was John Dalton’s theory
He deduce that all elements are composed of atoms atoms are indivisible and indestructible particles atoms of the same element are the same and atoms of the different element are different
What was JJ Thompson’s theory?
He proposed a model that is called the plum pudding. Model atoms were made from a positively charged substance with negatively charge. Electrons scattered like raisins in a pudding. He studied the passage of an electric current through a gas as it passed through. It gave off rise of negatively charged particles he was surprised because the atoms in the gas were uncharged. Where did the negative charges come from? He concluded the atom was divisible.
What was Ernest Rutherford’s Siri?
He fired a stream of positively charged particles at a thin sheet of gold foil most of the positively chargeable its past right through the sheet, without changing course, some did bounce away from the sheet, as if they hit something solid that could only mean that atoms in the sheet were mostly empty space he called the centre of the atom the nucleus
What was Neil Bohr theory?
In his model, he placed each electron in a specific energy level according to Boris atomic model electrons move in a definite orbit around the nucleus much like the planet circle the sun these energy levels are located at a certain distance from the nucleus
What is a wave model?
The wave model shows that light and electrons act like waves not just particles
What is the electron cloud theory?
All electrons move unpredicted around the nucleus for cloud where they are most likely to be found
What are the three particles that make up an atom? What is their charge and how much do they weigh?
Protons positive one AMU
Neutrons, positive , almost one AMU
Electrons negative almost 0 Amu
Where are each of the particles housed
Protons in the nucleus electrons in the electron cloud and a neutron in the nucleus
What is the charge on a nucleus?
Positive
How do we determine the number of protons in an element?
The atomic number of the element
How do we determine the number of electrons in an element
The same as the number of protons
How do we determine the number of neutrons in an element?
Take the atomic mass and subtract the atomic number
Where does all the reactivity take place
Takes place in the outermost shell also called the valance shell
What is a Bohr model?
The board model shows electrons orbiting the nucleus in a fixed energy level
How many electrons go in the first shell second shelf third shelf fourth shelf
2,8,8,18,18
What is the difference between Fermions and bosons
Fermion’s are composed of quirks and leptons Boson’s are provided electromagnetism, weak nuclear force, and strong nuclear force
What are protons and neutrons made of
Protons are made of two up quarks and one down quark neutrons are made of two down quarks and one up quark
Where did the quark get its name?
Named after the poem, Finnegans wake
What are the types of quarks called? How many types are
Six flavours of quarks
Up and down
Charm and strange
Top and bottom
What are the types of quirks called? What is the symbol and what is their charge?
Up u +2/3
Down d -1/3
Charm c +2/3
Strange s -1/3
Top t +2/3
Bottom b -1/3
What are the four types of bosons?
Gluon
Photon
Z boson
W boson
What is the function of a boson
Bosons hold quarks together
What group are electrons part of?
Leptons(fermions)
