Atoms Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is a element
A element is made up of one type of atoms only
What is a compound
A compound has 2 or more different elements chemically bonded.
What is a molecule?
A molecule is a small group of atoms
What is a mixture?
A mixture is a substance that is made up of 2 or more substances(like compounds, molecules or atoms)
- What are the numbers at the top and bottom of the atom
Na. called in the periodic table and what do they mean?
11
The mass number which is the amount of protons add neutrons.
And the atomic number which is the amount of protons.
How do you find how many neutrons and electrons an atom has from its mass number and atomic number?
Neutrons=mass number - atomic number
Electrons=protons
What charges do electrons and protons have? Also why is there the same amount in an atom?
Protons have a positive charge.
Electrons have a negative charge.
There is the same amount of protons and electrons as atoms (normally) have a neutral charge.
How many electrons can a atom have in its first shell
2
What would the electron arrangement of an atom with 15 protons normally be?
2,8,5
Which fills up first the inner electron shell or the outer.
The inner as electrons want to be as close to the nucleus as possible.
What a symbol do we use for electrons?
—
What is a group in the periodic table and what does it tell you about the arrangement of the electrons?
A group is a column in the periodic table and the group number tells you how many electrons it has in its outer most shell.
What is a period in the periodic table and what does it tell you about the arrangement of the electrons?
A period is a row and it tells you how many electron shells the atom has.
What are isotopes?
When an atom has a different number of neutrons
What do atoms want to have on their outer shell and how do they do this?
They want a complete outer shell and they make this happen by gaining or losing electrons.
What is a ion?
This is when an atom has more or less electrons than protons which would give it a positive charge if it had more protons than electrons and a negative charge if there were more electrons than protons.
What is the correct way of writing a ion of sodium if it lost one electron?
+1
Na
How do you write a isotope of carbon which has 6 protons and 7 neutrons.
Carbon-13 basically put the element and then the atomic mass number.
What does an atom need to be un-reactive?
It needs to have a full outer shell.
What happens to the reactivity of elements as you go down group one and why?
It gets more reactive as it goes down the group as it has more electron shells. These shells block some of the positive charge which keeps the electrons there meaning that the more electrons shells there is between the nucleus and the outer electron shell,the more likely the electron is going to fly of(and therefore react).
