Atoms Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the middle of the atom called?
The nucleus
What can be found in the nucleus?
Protons and Neutrons
What can be found in the energy levels around the nucleus?
Electrons
What charge does a proton have?
+1
What charge does a neutron have?
0
What charge does an electron have?
-1
What mass does a proton have?
1
What mass does a neutron have?
1
What mass does an electron have?
0 (almost nothing)
Where is most of the mass in the atom concentrated?
The nucleus
What is the radius of the nucleus compared to the radius of the atom?
Less than 1/10,000
What changes the arrangement of electrons?
Electromagnetic radiation
What is electromagnetic radiation?
It is a form of energy. Light is a type of electromagnetic radiation, but there are plenty of other types. Sound isn’t a type, as electromagnetic radiation can travel through space and doesn’t need a medium like air or water to travel through like sound does. it is made when an atom absorbs energy. This causes one or more electrons to change their locale in the atom. When the electron returns to its original position, an electromagnetic wave is produced. Depending on the kind of atom and the amount of energy, the electromagnetic radiation can take the form of heat, light, ultraviolet, or other electromagnetic waves.
Will the electrons move further away from the nucleus or closer to it with the absorption of electromagnetic radiation?
Further away
Will the electrons move further away from the nucleus or closer to it with the emission of electromagnetic radiation?
Closer to it
What is the mass number?
The number of protons and neutrons
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons
If an atom loses an electron does it become positively charged or negatively charged?
Positivley charged
If an atom gains an electron does it become positively chared or negatively charged?
Negatively charged
What is an ion?
A charged atom. It is charged because the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons. An atom can have a negative or positive charge depending on whether there are more electrons or protons in the atom.
If an atom loses an electron is it a positive or negative ion?
A positive ion (it has one more proton than electrons and so it will have a more positive charge)
If an atom gains an electron is it a positive or negative ion?
A negative ion (it has one more electron than it has protons so it will have a more negative charge)
What determines the element (think atomic structure)
The number of protons
What are isotopes?
Atoms with a different number of neutrons (same atomic number, different mass number)
