Atoms and Chemical Reactions

Question 1

define isotope

Answer 1

isotopes have the same amount of protons but a different amount of neutrons, the difference in the neutrons causes them to have a different mass number, which means they are different variants of the same element.

Question 2

define energy level

Answer 2

energy levels is the amount of energy an atom has. The arrangement of electrons determines the overall energy of an atom.

Question 3

Define atomic number and mass number

Answer 3

The atomic number is the amount of protons in the nucleus of an atom. The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons, it tells you how much the atom ‘weighs’.

Question 4

Difference between molecules, compounds and elements

Answer 4

Molecules can be made out of the same or different elements (02 and CO2), but compounds can only be made out of different elements (H2O AND NaCl), elements can only be made out of one type of atom (C or H)

Question 5

State the maximum number of electrons per electron shell

Answer 5

2, 8, 8, 18

Question 6

identify the main families on the periodic table

Answer 6

Noble Gases (group 18), Alkali Metals (group 1), Transition Metals (groups 3-12), Halogens (group 17), Alkaline Earth Metals (group 2)

Question 7

State the law of conversation of mass

Answer 7

The Law of Conservation of Mass states that in a chemical reaction, mass is neither created nor destroyed.

Question 8

State the parts of a chemical equation

Answer 8

Reactants, Products, Chemical Equation, Coefficents and Symbols
2H + O2 –> 2HO2