Atoms and Combustion Test

Question 1

What is matter made of?

Answer 1

Tiny, indivisible particles named atoms

Question 2

What are the three sub-atomic particles?

Answer 2

Protons, neutrons, electrons

Question 3

What is the electrical charge of a proton?

Answer 3

+1

Question 4

What is the electrical charge of a neutron?

Answer 4

0

Question 5

What is the electrical charge of an electron?

Answer 5

-1

Question 6

What is the mass of a proton (relative)?

Answer 6

1

Question 7

What is the mass of a neutron (relative)?

Answer 7

1

Question 8

What is the mass of an electron (relative)?

Answer 8

1/1840 of a proton

Question 9

Where are protons located in the atom?

Answer 9

Nucleus

Question 10

Where are electrons located in the atom?

Answer 10

Orbiting nucleus

Question 11

Where are neutrons located in the atom?

Answer 11

Nucleus

Question 12

What is the mass number, and what does it consist of?

Answer 12

Mass of an element, protons + neutrons (as they both have a mass of 1, electrons too small to count)

Question 13

What is the atomic number?

Answer 13

Number of an element on the periodic table, according to the number of protons.

Question 14

What are atoms mostly made of?

Answer 14

Empty space

Question 15

What is a neutral atom?

Answer 15

When there is an equal number of electrons and protons (+1 and -1 charges balance out)

Question 16

How do you calculate the proton number?

Answer 16

mass no - proton no OR atomic no

Question 17

How do you calculate the neutron number?

Answer 17

mass - proton no

Question 18

How many electrons can the first shell hold?

Answer 18

2

Question 19

How many electrons can the second shell hold?

Answer 19

8

Question 20

When does radioactivity occur?

Answer 20

When the atom’s nucleus is unstable.

Question 21

In what atoms does radioactivity usually occur?

Answer 21

Atoms with large nuclei, eg radium, plutonium

Question 22

What are the three types of radioactive decay?

Answer 22

Alpha, beta, gamma

Question 23

What is alpha radiation?

Answer 23

When a nuclei “spits” out alpha particles, comprised of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Therefore, they have a charge of +2

Question 24

What is beta radiation?

Answer 24

When electrons are “spat” out from the nuclei.

Question 25

What is gamma radiation?

Answer 25

A high-energy beam of light. The most deadly type of radiation as it can pass through surfaces easily and damage DNA

Question 26

Rank the types of radiation in order from least to most deadly

Answer 26

Alpha, beta, gamma

Question 27

What is the charge of alpha radiation?

Answer 27

+2 (two protons, neutrons no charge)

Question 28

What is the charge of beta radiation?

Answer 28

-1 (one electron has a negative charge)

Question 29

What is the charge of gamma radiation?

Answer 29

No charge

Question 30

What does it take to stop alpha radiation?

Answer 30

Paper, air

Question 31

What does it take to stop beta radiation?

Answer 31

Aluminium foil

Question 32

What does it take to stop gamma radiation?

Answer 32

metres thick wall of concrete or lead

Question 33

What is half-life?

Answer 33

The measure of the time it takes for half of a number of atoms to decay radioactively.

Question 34

What is the half-life measured in? (units)

Answer 34

Seconds, days, years, or any period of time. Half-life can last from milliseconds to millions of years.

Question 35

What is an isotope?

Answer 35

A type of atom that contains more neutrons than the element typically has. They differ therefore in atomic mass but their atomic number and charge is not affected.

Question 36

What is an exothermic reaction?

Answer 36

Heat, produces heat, use and produce large amounts of energy

Question 37

What is an endothermic reaction?

Answer 37

Colder temps absorb energy

Question 38

What is a chemical reaction?

Answer 38

Where two reactants are combined, rearranging atoms therefore producing new products. WHAT YOU START WITH --> YOU END WITH

Question 39

Signs of a chemical reaction?

Answer 39

Temperature change, bubbles (effervescence), colour change, smell, light, formation of gas, formation of a precipitate