Atoms and radiation Flashcards
(24 cards)
If the relative mass of a proton is one,what is the relative mass of a neutron?
1 as they are always the same
If the charge of an electron is -1,what are the charges of the proton and neutron?
Proton +1 and neutrons 0
What do you call Atoms with the same atomic mass but different mass numbers?
Isotopes
Where is most of the mass of an atom found?
The nucleus
In the plum pudding model of an atom,what were the plums?
Electrons
What type of radiation was used in Rutherford’s scattering experiment?
Alpha
The mass number of an atom is?
The number of protons and neutrons it contains
An atom of uranium has 92 protons and 146 neutrons. It must also have….
92 electrons as the number of protons and neutrons are the same
An atom which gains electrons becomes?
Negatively charged
Compare to a whole atom,nucleus is in size?
Much smaller
Name to natural sources of radiation:
- Food and drink
2. Medical x-rays
What contributes most of our average dose of background radiation?
Natural sources
A teacher used to Geiger counter to measure the radiation of a radioactive rock. Wrapping the rock In paper and Aluminium had no effect on the Count rate. Explain why?
The rock emits gamma radiation
What happens to photographic film when it is exposed to radiation and then developed?
When exposed it goes darker
What do radiation badges do?
Radiation badges monitor the radiation dose worker receives
The half life of an isotope is one hour. How long will it take for the count rate to fall to one quarter from the starting rate?
two hours
What happens to the half life of a substance when it is put into a freezer?
The half life of an isotope cannot be changed by changing temperature so it stays the same
Which combination of features will be best when choosing a radioactive source for use as a medical tracer?
Gamma emitter with a short half life
Which type of radiation is going to be best for monitoring the thickness of aluminium cooking foil in a factory?
Beta
What sort of reaction is happened when a hydrogen-3 atom becomes a helium -3 atom?
Nuclear reaction
Name 2 things that happen when a nucleus splits:
- Nuclear fusion
2. Radiation is released
The chain reaction in nuclear reactors need the absorption of:
Neutrons
What particles are given out when the uranium atom undergoes fission?
Neutrons
In the use of nuclear reactions for generating electricity:
Fusion is still experimental
