atoms And The Periodic Table Flashcards
(24 cards)
what is an element?
an element is a substance that contains only one sort of atom
what is a compound?
A compound contains atoms of two or more elements which are chemically combined and fixed proportions
what is a mixture?
mixtures consist of two or more elements or compounds which are not chemically combined
what is filtration?
filtration is used to separate soluble solids from insoluble solids
what is crystallisation?
Crystallisation is used to obtain a soluble solid from a solution
What is simple distillation?
simple distillation is used to obtain a solvent from a solution
what is fractional distillation?
fractional distillation is used to separate mixtures in which the components have different boiling points
what is chromatography?
chromatography is used to separate different soluble coloured components of a mixture
how has the scientific model of the atom changed over time?
ckeck page 90 and blurt information
what is the typical radius of an atom?
0.1nm or 1x10^-10m
what is the relative mass and relative charge of protons, neutrons, and electrons?
relative mass : relative charge
proton: 1. : +1
neutron: 1. : 0
electron: very small : -1
why do you atoms have no overall charge?
atoms have no overall charge because they contain an equal number of protons and electrons
what is the atomic number?
The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom
What is the mass number?
The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom
what is the equation for the number of neutrons?
Number of neutrons=
mass number - atomic number
what are isotopes?
isotopes of an element have the same number of protons by a different number of each ones
what are ions?
atoms can gain or lose electrons to become ions
Metal atoms lose electrons to form positive ions
non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negative ions
what is group 0?
The elements in group 0 are known as the the noble gases
Noble gas atoms have a full outer shell of electrons
this means they have a very stable electron configuration, making them very unreactive non-metals
what is group one?
check page 92 and do blurting
what is group 7?
The group 7 elements are nonmetals and are known as the halogens. they have seven electrons in their outermost shell reactivity decreases down the group because the outer shell gets further away from the nucleus. A more reactive halogen will displace a less reactive halogen.
what is the state of solids part particles?
they have a regular arrangement
they are very close together
they vibrate and fix positions
what is the state of the particles in liquid?
They have a random arrangement
They are closed together
They flow around each other
what is the state of the particles in gas?
They have a random arrangement
They are much further apart
they move very quickly in all directions
what is the development of the periodic table?
check page 92 and do blurting
