Atoms, Structure, and the Periodic Table COPY Flashcards Preview

AQA Chemistry > Atoms, Structure, and the Periodic Table COPY > Flashcards

Flashcards in Atoms, Structure, and the Periodic Table COPY Deck (30)
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1
Q

Atoms have a radius of

A

0.1 nanometers (1 x 10-10 m)

2
Q

The nucleus of an atom has a radius of

A

1 x 10-14 metres (1/10000 of the radius of an atom)

3
Q

Atoms charge

A

Atoms don’t have an overall charge as it has equal protons and electrons

4
Q

Name the region where most of the mass of the atoms is concentrated

A

The nucleus

5
Q

What is the relative charge of an electron?

A

-1

6
Q

Name the particles in the nucleus and give their relative charges

A

Neutrons (0) protons (+1)

7
Q

Mass number

A

Number on top

8
Q

Atomic number

A

Bottom number

9
Q

Atoms are the

A

Smallest part of an element that can exist

10
Q

What are isotopes

A

Have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

11
Q

How to work out the relative atomic mass

A

Sum of (isotope abundance x isotope mass number) / Sun of all abundance’s of all the isotopes

12
Q

What is a compound?

A

Two or more elements chemically combined (in fixed proportions)

13
Q

How to work out the number of atoms in a compound

A

The sum of All elements involved

14
Q

Name NaCl

A

Sodium chloride

15
Q

How many atoms in C2H4

A

6

16
Q

If C2H4 and H2 react to form C2H6, has a new compound been made?

A

Yes because the atoms in C2H6 are in different proportions to the atoms in the previous

17
Q

What is a reactant

A

Everything on the left

18
Q

What is a product

A

Everything on the right

19
Q

Balance Na + Cl = NaCl

A

2Na + Cl2 = 2NaCl

20
Q

Balance NH2 + O2 = NO + H2O

A

4NH3 + 5O2 = 4NO + 6H2O

21
Q

What is a mixture

A

Consists of two or more elements or compounds that aren’t chemically combined together

22
Q

Outline the procedure for setting up a chromatography experiment

A

Draw a line in pencil near the bottom of a piece of chromatography paper. Place a spot of ink on the pencil line. Pour a shallow layer of water or solvent into a beaker. Place the chromatography paper into the container. The water should be below the pencil line and the ink spots. Place a lid in the container and wait for the solvent to rise to the top of the paper. Remove the paper from the container when the solvent had risen close to the top of the paper.

23
Q

Explain the results of a chromatography experiment

A

Count the spots that the dyes have made and state how many dyes were involved in the specific spots. State which are mixtures. State which dyes contain at least one of the same dyes (no clue what that meant but there you go)

24
Q

What is filtration?

A

Filtration deprecated insoluble solids from liquids

25
Q

Insoluble

A

Can’t be dissolved in the liquid

26
Q

Evaporation

A

Pour the solution into an evaporating dish. Slowly heat a solution. Solvent will evaporate. Solution gets more concentrated. Crystals will start to form. Keep hearing the evaporating disk until all you have left are dry crystals.

27
Q

Two ways to separate soluble solids from solutions

A

Evaporation and crystallisation

28
Q

Crystallisation

A

Pour the solution into an evaporating Dish and gently heat the solution. Some of the solvent will evaporate and the solution will get more concentrated. Once some of the solvent has evaporated or when you see crystal starter form (the point of crystallisation), remove the dish from the heat and leave the solution to cool. Salt will form crystals as it becomes insoluble in the cold highly concentrated solution. Filter the crystals out of the solution and leave them in a warm place to dry. You could use a drying oven or a desiccator.

29
Q

Why can’t we use evaporation all the time?

A

You can only use it if the salt doesn’t decompose when it’s heated

30
Q

What can we use to separate rock salt

A

Filtration or crystallisation