Aton 3 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is an atom?
The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element.
What is a molecule?
Two or more atoms chemically bonded together.
What are monoatomic elements?
Elements that exist as single atoms (e.g., He, Ne).
What are diatomic molecules?
Molecules made of two atoms (e.g., O₂, N₂, F₂).
What are polyatomic molecules?
Molecules made of three or more atoms (e.g., SO₄²⁻).
What are the three subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, electrons.
Where are protons and neutrons found?
Inside the nucleus.
Where are electrons found?
Outside the nucleus, in energy levels or shells.
What is the charge and mass of a proton?
Charge = +1, Mass = 1
What is the charge and mass of a neutron?
Charge = 0, Mass = 1
What is the charge and mass of an electron?
Charge = -1, Mass = 1/1840
What is the atomic number (Z)?
Number of protons in an atom.
What is the mass number (A)?
Total number of protons and neutrons.
What are isotopes?
Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
Do isotopes have the same chemical properties?
Yes, but slightly different physical properties.
How is relative atomic mass calculated?
By averaging the masses of isotopes based on their abundance.
What is the formula for maximum electrons in a shell?
2n² where n = shell number.
How many electrons can the K, L, M, N shells hold?
K = 2, L = 8, M = 18, N = 32
What are the electron sub-shells?
s (2 e⁻), p (6 e⁻), d (10 e⁻), f (14 e⁻)
What is the electronic configuration of Na (11)?
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹ or 2,8,1
What does it mean when an atom is neutral?
Number of protons = number of electrons.
