Atp-Adp Cycle Flashcards
(29 cards)
What does ATP stand for, and why is it important?
ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate. It is the ‘energy currency’ of the cell, providing energy for cellular processes.
What are the three components of an ATP molecule?
ATP consists of adenine (a nitrogenous base), ribose (a sugar), and three phosphate groups.
What happens when the terminal phosphate bond in ATP is broken?
Energy is released, and ATP becomes ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate).
Why do cells need ATP?
Cells need ATP to power processes like active transport, muscle contractions, DNA synthesis, and nerve signaling.
What enzyme is responsible for converting ADP into ATP?
ATP synthase.
What is the role of ATP in active transport?
ATP provides the energy to pump molecules or ions against their concentration gradient through membrane proteins.
What is the primary source of energy for regenerating ATP during cellular respiration?
The oxidation of glucose.
How is energy stored in an ATP molecule?
Energy is stored in the high-energy bonds between the phosphate groups.
How does the ATP-ADP cycle work?
ATP releases energy by losing a phosphate group and becoming ADP. ADP is then converted back into ATP during cellular respiration.
Why is ATP called the ‘energy currency’ of the cell?
It transfers energy in small, manageable amounts, making it efficient for cellular use.
What structural component of ATP is also found in RNA nucleotides?
The ribose sugar.
Which cellular process does NOT require ATP?
Passive diffusion (e.g., movement of oxygen or carbon dioxide across a membrane).
What characteristic of ATP’s phosphate bonds makes them high-energy?
Electrostatic repulsion between negatively charged phosphate groups.
During cellular respiration, where does the energy for regenerating ATP come from?
The oxidation of glucose.
How does ATP drive endergonic reactions?
By transferring a phosphate group to the reactants, increasing their energy.
What is the structural difference between ATP and ADP?
ATP has three phosphate groups, while ADP has two.
What happens to cellular processes if a cell cannot regenerate ATP?
Energy-dependent processes like active transport and muscle contractions would cease, leading to cell death.
Why is ATP regeneration considered efficient for cells?
ATP can be recycled from ADP quickly, allowing continuous energy availability.
What is a key role of ATP in nerve signaling?
ATP provides energy to restore ion gradients after nerve impulses.
How is ATP involved in energy coupling?
ATP transfers energy by phosphorylating other molecules, enabling endergonic reactions to proceed.
It is the removal of phosphate group
dephosphorylation
Addition of phosphate group
phosphorylation
What step is this: ATP delivered in the cytoplasm
step 2
Hydrolysis is?
Exergonic Reaction
