Atrial Flagellates pathogenic

Question 0

Habitat of giardia lambia

Answer 0

Duodenum
Jejunum
Upper ileum
Upper small intestine

Question 1

What are synonyms of giardia lambia?

Answer 1

Giardia intestinalis
Lambia intestinalis
Giardia duodenalis
Lambia duodenalis

Question 2

Epidemiology of gardia lambia

Answer 2

Most common acquired STD
Worldwide distribution
Prevalence is 6%; 14% under 9 years old
Increase frequency in multiple partner

Question 3

Transmission of giardia lambia

Most common source of outbreak

Answer 3

Water borne

Question 4

Transmission of giardia lambia

How many cyst the food have to make contaminated?

Answer 4

1-10

Question 5

Transmission of giardia lambia

Homosexual practices

Answer 5

Oro-Anal

Question 6

Giardia lambia also called

Answer 6

Traveller’s diarrhea

Question 7

How many flagella the giardia lambia have?

Answer 7

8

Question 8

Trophozoite G. Lambia

Shape

Answer 8

Pyriform or teardrop shaped

Question 9

Trophozoite G. Lambia

Pyriform or teardrop shaped. Pointed posteriorly with a distinct medial line called

Answer 9

Axostyle

Question 10

Trophozoite G. Lambia

Description

Answer 10

Non infective
Baby stage
9-12 um long, 5-15 um wide
Divide by longitudinal binary fission

Question 11

Trophozoite G. Lambia

Shape,
Dorsal side and ventral side

Answer 11

Dorsal- convex

Ventral- concave

Question 12

Trophozoite G. Lambia

Shape

Anterior and posterior

Answer 12

Anterior- round

Posterior- pointed

Question 13

Trophozoite G. Lambia

Nuclei

Answer 13

A pair of ovoidal nuclei, one on each side of midline

Question 14

Trophozoite G. Lambia

Flagella

Answer 14

Arise from the ventral side
3 pairs flowing
1 pair fused

Question 15

Trophozoite G. Lambia

Movements

Answer 15

Slow erratic oscillation or

Falling leaf motility

Question 16

Cyst G. Lambia

Description

Answer 16

Infective

Adult stage

Question 17

Cyst G. Lambia

Shape

Answer 17

Ovoid

Question 18

Cyst G. Lambia

Nuclei

Answer 18

Young cyst - 2 nuclei

Mature cyst- 4 nuclei

Question 19

Cyst G. Lambia

Flagella

Answer 19

Contracted into axonemes

Question 20

Cyst G. Lambia

Cytoplasm

Answer 20

Separated from cyst wall

Question 21

Cyst G. Lambia

Diagnostic

Answer 21

Retracted cytoplasm

Question 22

Cyst G. Lambia

Resistant to

Answer 22

Chlorine and cold water

Question 23

Gardia lambia

Incubation period

Answer 23

1-4 weeks

Question 24

Gardia lambia Symptomatic in

Answer 24

40% of patients

Question 25

Gardia lambia Pathologic changes in the intestinal wall

Answer 25

1. Flattened tips of villi and shallow crypts 2. Mucosal inflammation 3. Hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles

Question 26

Gardia lambia Cellular changes

Answer 26

Ventral sucking disc Mechanical irritation Malabsorption

Question 27

Gardia lambia Mild infection

Answer 27

Moderate and protracted diarrhea | 6 weeks spontaneous recovery

Question 28

Gardia lambia Acute infection

Answer 28

``` Cramping and diarrhea Exessive flatus ( rotten egg) ``` Bloating, nausea, anorexia more reported than diarrhea

Question 29

Gardia lambia Chronic infection

Answer 29

Steatorrhea Cholecystitis Less diarrhea because pt is already dehydrated

Question 30

Gardia lambia Severe infection

Answer 30

Malabsorption in the gut | Very weak

Question 31

Gardia lambia diagnosis Watery stool

Answer 31

Not accurate

Question 32

Gardia lambia diagnosis Semi formed stool

Answer 32

Best specimen

Question 33

Gardia lambia diagnosis Stool exam

Answer 33

Demonstrate trophozoites or cyst

Question 34

Gardia lambia diagnosis Direct fecal smear

Answer 34

Trophozoites seen as having a falling leaf-like motility

Question 35

Gardia lambia diagnosis Invasive procedure

Answer 35

Duodenojejunal aspiration biopsy

Question 36

Gardia lambia diagnosis May demonstrate trophozoite An expensive test

Answer 36

Entero test

Question 37

Gardia lambia diagnosis Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay using giardia antigen in the stool is a more sensitive method for indentifying giardia

Answer 37

ELISA

Question 38

Gardia lambia treatment Metronidazole

Answer 38

500 mg TID for 5-10 days

Question 39

Gardia lambia treatment Metronidazole Pedriatic dose

Answer 39

15 mg/kg/day in 3 divided dosed | 90% cure rate

Question 40

Gardia lambia treatment Metronidazole Side effect

Answer 40

Metallic taste

Question 41

Gardia lambia treatment Tinidazole

Answer 41

2 g single dose for adults; | 50 mg/kg in children

Question 42

Gardia lambia treatment Furazolidine

Answer 42

100 mg QID for 7-10 days

Question 43

Gardia lambia treatment Furazolidine Pedriatic dose

Answer 43

6 mg/kg/day in 4 diided doses

Question 44

Gardia lambia prevention

Answer 44

Proper and sanitary disposal of excrete to prevent contamination of watery supplt and food Avoidance of night soil as fertilizers, flies and infected food handlers

Question 45

Trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 45

STD

Question 46

Trichomonas vaginalis Habitat

Answer 46

Urogenital tract Vagina, urethra, prostate, epididymis

Question 47

Trichomonas vaginalis Cyst

Answer 47

No cyst form

Question 48

Trichomonas vaginalis Shape

Answer 48

7-23um | Pyriform shape

Question 49

Trichomonas vaginalis Flagella

Answer 49

4 anterior flagella - simple stalk | 5th flagella - undulating membrane, extends about 1/2 of original lenght

Question 50

Trichomonas vaginalis Nucleus

Answer 50

Median axostyle | Sinke nucleus

Question 51

Trichomonas vaginalis Multiply by

Answer 51

Bunary fission

Question 52

Trichomonas vaginalis Transmission

Answer 52

Ping pong infection

Question 53

Trichomonas vaginalis Diagnostic

Answer 53

Cystostome | Siderophil granules

Question 54

Trichomonas vaginalis Aka

Answer 54

Jerky tumbling motility

Question 55

Trichomonas vaginalis Trophozoite cant't live without close association with

Answer 55

Vagina Urethral Prostatic tissue

Question 56

Trichomonas vaginalis Trophozoite infect the surface but do not appear to invade the

Answer 56

Mucosa

Question 57

Trichomonas vaginalis 4-28 days after introduction of the trophozhoite into the vagina

Answer 57

Proliferation of flagella Degenaration of vaginal epithelium Leukocytic inflammation of tissue

Question 58

Trichomonas vaginalis Acute infection

Answer 58

Greenish to yellowish secretion Intense itchiness Burning sensation

Question 59

Trichomonas vaginalis Chronic stage

Answer 59

Loses purulent appearance due to decrease tirchomonads and leukocytes Increase epithelial cells Mixed bacterial flora

Question 60

Trichomonas vaginalis Common symptoms

Answer 60

Vaginal discharge Vulvitis Dysuria Postpartum endometritis

Question 61

Trichomonas vaginalis Complication include secondary bacterial infection of the

Answer 61

Urogenital tract in male

Question 62

Trichomonas vaginalis On speculumexamination, there are punctuate hemorrhages of the cervix

Answer 62

Strawberry cervix

Question 63

Trichomonas vaginalis diagnosis

Answer 63

Collectiin of discharge

Question 64

Trichomonas vaginalis diagnosis From discharges

Answer 64

Saline wet mounts

Question 65

Trichomonas vaginalis diagnosis In males

Answer 65

Prostatic secretions and urine

Question 66

Trichomonas vaginalis diagnosis Culture using

Answer 66

Diamond ( modfied medium ) | Feinberg and whittington culture medium

Question 67

Trichomonas vaginalis treatment

Answer 67

Metronidazole- 500 mg TID for 7 days (90-98% cure rate) Tinidazole-2 mg single dose

Question 68

Trichomonas vaginalis In RP, prevalence rate is

Answer 68

14-8% among sexual workers

Question 69

Tenax Hominis Vaginalis

Answer 69

Oral cavity Large intestine Uro- genital tract