Attatchement Flashcards
1
Q
Define the concept of “attachment”
A
Affectional tie child forms with caregiver
– Mother, father, grandparent
2
Q
Describe the “strange situation test” of attachment
A
- assessing quality of attachment
- Lab situation
- Child, caregiver, stranger, toys - Series of repeated separations and reunions with caregiver (3 minutes each)
- Moderately stressful for infant
- Induces separation and stranger anxiety
3
Q
Strange situation test: How does child explore unfamiliar environment?
A
4
Q
Strange situation Test: How does child react to separation from caregiver?
A
5
Q
Strange Situation Test: How does child react when caregiver comes back?
A
6
Q
Compare and contrast the four patterns of attachment that have
been identified in infants and children
A
- Secure
- Child vividly protest when separated
- Calms down quickly after caregivers’ return - Insecure Avoidant
- Child shows little distress
- Does not turn to caregiver after return - Insecure Resistant
- Child shows distress
- resist caregiver in attempt to sooth child - Disorganized
- Combination of avoidant and resistant pattern
- ‘Freezing’ when approaching caregiver
7
Q
Identify important factors that influence quality of attachment
A
- Caregiver’s sensitivity
- Most important
- Prompt and adequate reaction to child’s distress - Child’s temperament
- Children with difficult temperament are more often insecurely attached
– More difficult to react sensitively - Stress: Stress-full life conditions reduce sensitivity
- Marital conflict
- Low income
- Low social support from (grand)parents, community - Attachment history of parents
8
Q
Quality and quantity of day care influences attachment only in
combination with low sensitivity
A
9
Q
Discuss long-term consequences of both secure and insecure attachments
A
- Securely attached children have better relationship with peers
- However, effect is not very strong
