Attraction and Intimacy

Question 1

Ostrasised people exhibit heightened activity in the brain area also activated in response to what?

Answer 1

physical pain

Question 2

Define the Need to Belong.

Answer 2

a motivation to bond with others in relationships that provide ongoing positive interactions

Question 3

What is proximity?

Answer 3

geographical nearness (functional distance)

Question 4

What is the mere exposure effect?

Answer 4

tendency for novel stimuli to be liked more or rated more positively after the rater has been repeatedly exposed to them

Question 5

Male and female attractivness predicts how frequently they __

Answer 5

date

Question 6

What is the matching phenomena

Answer 6

tendency for men and women to choose as partners those who are a ‘good match’ in attractivness and other traits

Question 7

Fletcher, Simpson, and Thomas (2000) found looking for a short term r/ship find __ more important than __

Answer 7

attractiveness, warmth/status

Question 8

Fletcher, Simpson, and Thomas (2000) found looking for a short term r/ship find __ more important than __

Answer 8

warmth, attractiveness

Question 9

Getting to know someone and find out they are dissimilar tends to __ liking

Answer 9

decrease

Question 10

What area helps promote and maintain close relationships?

Answer 10

attitude allignment

Question 11

What is complimentarity?

Answer 11

tendency in a relationship between 2 ppl for each to compliment what is missing in the other

Question 12

Negative information about a person carries more __ and grabs more __ than positive information.

Answer 12

weight, attention

Question 13

What is ingratiation?

Answer 13

the use of strategies such as flattery by which people seek to gain another’s favour

Question 14

If you feel __ about yourself, you are likely to feel __ about relationships.

Answer 14

down, pessimistic

Question 15

What is the reward theory of attraction?

Answer 15

theory that we like those whose behaviour is rewarding to us or whom we associate with rewarding events

Question 16

What is passionate love?

Answer 16

a state of intense longing for union with another; lovers are absorbed with eachother, feel estatic at attaining their partner’s love and are disconsolate on losing it

Question 17

What is the two factor theory of emotion?

Answer 17

arousal + it’s cognitive appraisal = emotion; arousal by any source can intensify passionate feelings

Question 18

What brain areas does passionate love engage?

Answer 18

dopamine rich brain areas

Question 19

What is Compassionate Love?

Answer 19

the affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply intertwinned, characterised by high levels of self disclosure

Question 20

What does cooling off from an intense romantic relationship often trigger

Answer 20

disillusion

Question 21

Define the model of self

Answer 21

extent to which a person perceives themselves as worthy of lobe and care

Question 22

Define the model of other

Answer 22

extent to which a person perceives others as trusting/caring

Question 23

What is attachment anxiety?

Answer 23

attachment dimension characterised by a preoccupation with r/ships and excessive need for reassurance and approval

Question 24

What is attachment avoidance?

Answer 24

attachment dimension characterised by discomfort with closeness, excessive self resilience, and distrust of others

Question 25

What is preoccupied attachment?

Answer 25

attachment marked by a sense of one's own unworthiness and anxiety, ambivalence, and possessivness

Question 26

What is dismissive attachment?

Answer 26

an avoidant r/ship style marked by distrust of others

Question 27

What is fearful attachment?

Answer 27

an avoidant r/ship style marked by fear of rejection

Question 28

What is secure attachment?

Answer 28

attachment rooted in trust and marked by intimacy

Question 29

Low attachment avoidance and low attachment anxiety creates...

Answer 29

a secure attachment style

Question 30

Low attachment avoidance and high attachment anxiety creates...

Answer 30

a preoccupied attachment style

Question 31

High attachment avoidance and low attachment anxiety creates...

Answer 31

a dismissive attachment style

Question 32

High attachment avoidance and high attachment anxiety creates...

Answer 32

a fearful attachment style

Question 33

What is equity?

Answer 33

condition in which the outcomes people receive from a r/ship are proportional to what they contribute to it

Question 34

In terms of marriage, what do percieved inequities trigger?

Answer 34

marital distress, which fosters perception of inequities

Question 35

What is self disclosure?

Answer 35

revealing intimate aspects of one's self to others

Question 36

What is intimacy?

Answer 36

a feeling of closeness and connection that develops between partners

Question 37

What is disclosure reciprocity?

Answer 37

the tendency for one person's intimacy of self disclosure to match that of a conventional partner

Question 38

Define social support.

Answer 38

physical and emotional support provided to another in times of need

Question 39

What is demand-withdrawal?

Answer 39

a communication pattern where one person makes demands of another person, while the other withdraws from the conversation

Question 40

What is mutual avoidance?

Answer 40

a communication pattern where two people avoid discussing a particular issue or problem

Question 41

How can mutual avoidance be beneficial for relationships?

Answer 41

allows for time to calm down, and prevents negative communication

Question 42

What are three factors that have been found to predict commitnment?

Answer 42

satisfaction level, investment size, quality of alternatives

Question 43

What is personal commitment?

Answer 43

desire and feelings of personal dedication to maintain a relationship

Question 44

What is moral commitment?

Answer 44

a person's feeling of duty, obligation and moral responsibility to continue a relationship

Question 45

What is structual commitment?

Answer 45

maintaining a relationship due to the costs or negative consequences of leaving it

Question 46

Which commitment style most often leads to negative relationships?

Answer 46

moral commitment

Question 47

What is the cohabitation effect?

Answer 47

living together before marriage may have negative effects

Question 48

What factor may explain the cohabitation effect?

Answer 48

commitment

Question 49

Individualists expect more __ in a marriage, which produces more pressure.

Answer 49

personal fulfillment

Question 50

In terms of detachment., what two factors lead to a more painful break-up?

Answer 50

the closer/longer the relationship, & avaliable alternatives

Question 51

What are the four responses to relationship distress?

Answer 51

loyalty, neglect, voice, exit

Question 52

Name three features that may predict divorce or a dim marital future.

Answer 52

coldness, disillusionment, and hopelessness

Question 53

What makes up Hatfield and Walster's 3 factor theory of romantic love?

Answer 53

cultural exposure, presence of appropriate love object, emotional arousal