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3Y2S MT6328 > AUBF LAB_0_Urine Specimen Collection > Flashcards

AUBF LAB_0_Urine Specimen Collection Flashcards

(96 cards)

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1
Q

What is urine classified as?

A

A biohazardous substance

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2
Q

What is the most analyzed body fluid?

A

Urine

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3
Q

What is urine a waste product of?

A

The body’s metabolic processes

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4
Q

What body condition can urine provide clues about?

A

Diabetes insipidus and Diabetes mellitus

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5
Q

What is the only body fluid exempted from yellow bag disposal?

A

Urine

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6
Q

What are the organic materials in urine?

A

Urea, Creatinine, Uric acid

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7
Q

What are the inorganic materials in urine?

A

Chloride, Sodium, Magnesium, Calcium, Phosphate

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8
Q

What percentage of urine is water?

A

95%

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9
Q

What percentage of urine consists of dissolved elements?

A

5%

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10
Q

What is the universal precaution regarding urine disposal?

A

Disposal to yellow bag is not required

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11
Q

What type of urine containers are recommended?

A

Clean, disposable, wide-mouthed, flat-bottom containers with screw caps

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12
Q

What is the recommended capacity for urine containers?

A

At least 50 mL

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13
Q

Why is a 50 mL urine container recommended?

A

To ensure at least 12 mL is available for chemical and microscopic testing

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14
Q

What is used for pediatric urine specimen collection?

A

Adhesive bags

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15
Q

What is used for 24-hour urine specimen collection?

A

Large plastic containers

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16
Q

What protective equipment should be worn when working with urine?

A

Gloves

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17
Q

How is urine clarity best observed?

A

By checking it against any printed material

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18
Q

What is the normal color of urine?

A

Yellow

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19
Q

When can urine be colorless?

A

In medical conditions or improper drug test collection

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20
Q

What information must be included on a urine specimen label?

A

Patient’s name, ID number, date and time

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21
Q

Why is the date and time important on a urine specimen label?

A

To determine specimen integrity (2 hours at room temperature)

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22
Q

What temperature should urine be stored at if not tested immediately?

A

Refrigerated at 2-8°C

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23
Q

Where should the urine specimen label be placed?

A

On the container, not on the lid

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24
Q

What document must accompany a urine specimen?

A

A requisition form

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25
What happens to an unlabeled urine container?
It should not be discarded but returned to the source or physician
26
What are reasons for urine specimen rejection?
Unlabeled containers, non-matching labels, contamination, insufficient quantity, delayed transport
27
How much of the urine container should be filled to avoid rejection?
90% of the container
28
When should urine be tested after collection?
Within 2 hours
29
Why should urine be refrigerated if testing is delayed?
To prevent bacterial multiplication
30
What increases in urine due to bacterial multiplication?
Odor, turbidity, pH, nitrite, bacteria
31
What decreases in urine due to bacterial multiplication?
Glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, RBCs, WBCs, casts
32
What causes increased urine pH?
Breakdown of urea to ammonia (ammoniacal smell)
33
What is the ideal urine preservative?
A bactericidal agent that inhibits urease and preserves formed elements
34
What is the routine method for urine preservation?
Refrigeration
35
Why must refrigerated urine be returned to room temperature before testing?
To avoid interference with chemical testing
36
What chemical preservative may be used for urine sediments?
Formalin
37
What does the urine composition depend on?
The patient’s metabolic state and collection timing and procedure
38
What is the most common type of urine specimen?
Random specimen
39
What urine specimen is ideal for screening tests?
First morning specimen
40
Why is the first morning specimen preferred?
It is more concentrated and in a basal state
41
What urine specimen is used for diabetes monitoring?
Fasting specimen
42
How is a 2-hour postprandial urine specimen collected?
Void before eating, eat, then collect urine 2 hours after finishing meal
43
What urine specimen is used for glucose tolerance testing?
Glucose tolerance specimen
44
How long is a 24-hour urine specimen collected?
24 hours
45
Why is accurate timing important in a 24-hour urine specimen?
To ensure valid quantitative results
46
What is the principle behind a 24-hour urine specimen?
Collection must begin and end with an empty bladder
47
What is the most common test for catheterized urine specimens?
Culture and sensitivity
48
What is an alternative to catheterized urine specimens?
Midstream clean-catch specimen
49
What is the most invasive method of urine collection?
Suprapubic aspiration
50
What urine specimen is used for suspected prostate infections?
Prostatitis specimen
51
What is the 3-glass collection method for prostatitis testing?
Container 1: first urine, Container 2: midstream urine, Container 3: post-massage urine
52
What does a higher WBC count in the third glass indicate in prostatitis testing?
Prostatic infection
53
What is the chain of custody in drug specimen collection?
Documentation from collection to lab result receipt
54
What is the required urine temperature range for drug testing?
32.5-37.7°C
55
What should be done if urine temperature is outside the required range?
Collect another specimen immediately
56
What type of containers are recommended for urine collection?
Clean, disposable, wide-mouthed, flat-bottom containers with screw caps
57
What is the purpose of a 50 mL urine container?
To ensure at least 12 mL is available for chemical and microscopic testing
58
What should be worn when working with urine?
Gloves
59
How should urine clarity be checked?
Against any printed material
60
What color is normal urine?
Yellow
61
What is required on a urine specimen label?
Patient’s name, ID number, date and time
62
Why is time of collection important on urine labels?
To assess specimen integrity (2 hours at room temperature)
63
What happens if a urine specimen is left at room temperature for too long?
Bacterial multiplication leads to increased turbidity, odor, and pH
64
What is the standard refrigeration temperature for urine specimens?
2-8°C
65
Where should the specimen label be placed?
On the container, not on the lid
66
What must accompany a urine specimen?
A requisition form
67
What is a key reason for urine specimen rejection?
Unlabeled containers
68
What should be done with an unlabeled urine specimen?
Return it to the source or notify the requesting physician
69
What are common contaminants in urine specimens?
Feces, paper
70
How much of a container should be filled for sufficient quantity?
90% of the container
71
Why should urine be refrigerated if testing is delayed?
To prevent bacterial growth and maintain integrity
72
What increases in urine due to bacterial growth?
Odor, turbidity, pH, nitrite, and bacteria
73
What decreases in urine due to bacterial growth?
Glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, RBCs, WBCs, casts
74
What is the ideal urine preservative?
A bactericidal agent that inhibits urease and preserves formed elements
75
What is the effect of refrigeration on urine?
Causes precipitation of amorphous crystals
76
What should be done before performing chemical tests on refrigerated urine?
Return it to room temperature
77
What type of urine specimen is most commonly received?
Random specimen
78
Which urine specimen is ideal for screening?
First morning specimen
79
Why is the first morning specimen preferred?
It is more concentrated and not affected by posture
80
Which urine specimen is recommended for glucose monitoring?
Fasting specimen
81
How is a 2-hour postprandial specimen collected?
Void before eating, eat, then collect urine 2 hours after finishing the meal
82
Why is a glucose tolerance urine specimen collected?
To correlate renal threshold with glucose metabolism ability
83
What type of urine specimen is collected over 24 hours?
24-hour (timed) specimen
84
What is a critical principle for 24-hour urine collection?
Collection must begin and end with an empty bladder
85
How should a 24-hour urine specimen be handled?
Kept on ice or refrigerated during collection
86
What is the most common test for catheterized urine specimens?
Culture and sensitivity
87
What urine collection method is an alternative to catheterization?
Midstream clean-catch specimen
88
What is the most invasive urine collection method?
Suprapubic aspiration
89
What urine specimen is used for suspected prostate infections?
Prostatitis specimen
90
What is the purpose of each container for the 3-glass collection method?
First urine (container 1), midstream urine (container 2), post-massage urine (container 3)
91
What does a higher WBC count in the third glass indicate?
Prostatic infection
92
What is the chain of custody in drug specimen collection?
Documentation from collection to lab result receipt
93
What should be the urine temperature for drug testing?
32.5-37.7°C
94
What should be done if urine temperature is outside the required range?
Collect another specimen immediately
95
What must be documented for drug specimen collection?
Proper collection, labeling, and handling
96
What is the purpose of a witnessed urine collection?
To prevent adulteration, substitution, or dilution

3Y2S MT6328 (3 decks)

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