Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cognitive Ergonomics > Auditory Display > Flashcards

Auditory Display Flashcards

1
Q

can communicate information redundant to
visual displays.

A

Auditory signals or displays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

may allow offloading some visual workload to the auditory channel.

A

Auditory display

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

may be used in traditional alarms, in process
monitoring displays, in computer system interfaces, and even to present complex multivariate data

A

Sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T or F. o sounds can unintentionally be part of a system, but still convey information to a listener

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

tend to elicit an alerting response, and can be detected more quickly than signals presented via other modalities.

A

Acoustic signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

is the use of non-speech audio to convey information or perceptualize data

A

Sonification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Percent change in audio frequeny that humans can detect

A

0.2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

have been used to monitor factory processes, signaling a change in one of several production parameters

A

auditory displays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

two well-known successes. of uses of auditory signals

A

Geiger counter and sonar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

establish a mapping between a sound and an intended meaning, with no intrinsic relationship existing.

A

Symbolic displays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

is explicitly symbolic, as are most auditory warnings and alarms

A

speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

contain an immediate and intrinsic relationship between the display dimension and the information that is being conveyed.

A

Analogic displays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

families of event notifications (indicating, for example, that a computer file was opened); slightly more analogic auditory icons, which are event notifiers that also reflect the details
of the events

A

earcons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

is a generic term including all intentional, nonspeech audio that is designed to transmit information between a system and a user.

A

Auditory display

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

refers to a sound that alerts a user and conveys information about an
event.

A

Auditory alarm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

are usually categorical and symbolic in nature

A

alarms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

indicates the use of sound for part or all of the display of system variables and other information, usually including information about the details of the objects involved or the underlying process.

A

Auditory interface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

is the use of nonspeech audio to present data.

A

Sonification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

is the transformation of data relations into
auditory relations, for the purpose of studying and interpreting the data.

A

Sonification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

can be used as a supplement to other (usually visual) displays, as an equal part of a multimodal display, or certainly as a complete display on its own

A

Sound/ auditory displays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

recommended when multiple complex data sources need to be monitored or compared, and
when the information contains 3D aspects

A

Sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Another downside to auditory displays in some cases which means that sounds are not continuously present for study and
comparison.

A

Absence of Persistence

23
Q

Ensuring audibility without disrupting subsequent speech communication is the basic goal in this
situation.

A

Auditory alarms

24
Q

The primary goal for an alarm

A

to alert, notify, time or status without disruption

25
Q

may present information about the details of the event, by varying the sound parameters.

A

sophisticated alarms

26
Q

recommends measuring the ambient noise levels during system operation, and plotting noise sound pressure level (SPL, measured in dB) against noise frequency (in Hz).

A

Patterson (1982, 1990)

27
Q

The loudness of an alarm sound component at a given frequency should be set between ____ above the background noise at that frequency, but in no cases must it exceed ____ SPL

A

15 and 25 dB
90dB

28
Q

is used increasingly in human–machine interfaces to communicate more information than simple
(symbolic) alarms, but still not as much as (analogic) data sonification.

A

Sound

29
Q

sonic additions to widgets such as scroll bars and menus can assist users in making selections and choices more effectively than visual only interface elements.

A

graphical user interface (GUI)

30
Q

describes small “languages” that can be made up of patterns of two or three musical notes

A

“earcon”

31
Q

use sounds that in some way represent the actual features of objects involved in actions.

A

auditory icons

32
Q

make a sound appear to originate in a specific
position in three-dimensional (3D) auditory space

A

spatialization of sound

33
Q

an overwhelmingly visual medium, an increasingly important means of civics, communication and learning about the world

A

Social media

34
Q

the standard of Web accessibility, and many
parts of the Web-browsing experience can be made accessible through semantics

A

Text-to-speech

35
Q

transform low-level image data, like color, hue, saturation, or brightness, into auditory parameters, like timbre, pitch, or volume

A

sensory substitution devices (SSDs)

36
Q

was used to generate an automatic description of the image, list objects in the image (“tags”), identify any celebrities, and determine the coordinates and gender of any faces in the image.

A

Computer Vision system

37
Q

used to link the coordinates of each face generated by the Computer Vision system with a value for seven emotion categories

A

Emotion system

38
Q

used to determine the sentiment of the text in each post.

A

Text Analytics system

39
Q

used to read text on images

A

Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

40
Q

was used to speak the text of the user name, main post, and automatically generated image
caption

A

speech

41
Q

was used to signal the sentiment and impact using acoustic cues designed to
communicate emotion

A

Sonification

42
Q

composed of short auditory icons and longer
“soundscapes” – was created from the high-level image content

A

auditory scenes

43
Q

longer in duration and were used to represent recognized actions or environments in the scene

A

Soundscapes

44
Q

Make use of pre-existing stimulus-response
relationships which may be natural, learned, or population stereotypes.

A

Compatibility

45
Q

is a basic reflex to turn to the source of a sound
(stimulus), e.g. If you want an auditory sound as a warning for a pilot, don’t put the speaker behind the person!

A

Orienting reflex

46
Q

Examples are sirens which are learned to be associated with an emergency; higher frequency = high value like a tea kettle whistle.

A

Learned

47
Q

Auditory signal that captures attention

A

Attention Demanding Signal

48
Q

Auditory signal with precise message information

A

Designation Signal

49
Q

Auditory signal must be discernible from other
noise, especially multiple auditory signals, e.g. when several phones ring in an office it’s difficult to tell which is ringing.

A

Dissociability

50
Q

Messages should be as short as possible

A

Parsimony

51
Q

Same signal or message should designate the same information in all situations to avoid confusion like that between “priority” and “emergency” information.

A

Invariance

52
Q

establish intensity relative to ambient noise levels to avoid masking.

A

Signal/noise ratio

53
Q

works best to attract attention by minimizing perceptual adaptation to monotones and increasing the detectability of the signal, e.g. Beep! Beep! Beep! is better than “Beeeeeeep”!

A

Variable Signal -

54
Q

Auditory displays are especially useful for
signaling alarms partially because noise will go around corners. “Yeows” and “Beeps” get a faster response time.

A

Warning Signals

Cognitive Ergonomics (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions