Auditory & Vestibular Systems (Mixed) Flashcards
(24 cards)
2 Vestibular peripheral sensory apparatus structures that detect linear movement/acceleration and gravity
Utricle and Saccule
Pathway: Connection to the auditory system moves your head and eyes toward sound
Superior colliculus
Structure: Biological sensor which converts head motion to neural firing present in the ampulla and otolith organs
Hair cell
Describe the push pull system within the vestibular peripheral sensory apparatus
Relates to the peripheral sensory apparatus working in tandem to make the system more sensitive
Ex. When you turn your head to the right, the right horizontal canal is stimulated and the left horizontal canal is inhibited
Ex. Bending down right anterior is stimulated and left posterior is inhibited. The same is turn for the left anterior/right posterior relationship
Structures for maintaining a stable gaze
Semicircular canals
Cortical area: Comprehension of sound
Wernicke’s area
Term: Side bend
Roll
Term: Rotation
Yaw
Condition: Loss of hearing due to pressure on the nerves, may be due to a benign tumor
Acoustic Neruoma
Defn: Vestibulo-spinal reflex
Balance control
Condition: Common in children, middle ear infection
Otitis media
Condition: Difference between sides in the tonic firing rate within the vestibular nuclei
Nystagmus
Tract: Head position
Medial vestibulospinal tract
3 Systems that work together for Balance
- Vestibular
- Vision
- Somatosensory
Term: Up and down
Pitch
2 Structures that provide information to postural muscles
Utricle and saccule
3 functions of the auditory system in the CNS
- Activating effect of sound (will wake you up)
- Orienting effect (will move head and eyes to sound)
- Recognition of sound
Describe the arrangement of sound reception within the cochlea
Tonotopic arrangement
- higher frequencies at the base
- lower frequencies at the apex
ALL frequencies DO NOT stimulate every single hair cells.
Condition: Results from a deficit in the vestibulo-ocular relfex causing unmaintained gaze while walking/running/etc.
Oscillopsia
Describe the direction of the saccade in relationship to the affected side
Nystagmus is named for the direction of the eye movement
The slow phase is driven by the ears while the fast phase is driven by the CNS
If the the lesion is defict causing, the nystamus will beat to the opposite side or AWAY from the lesion
If the lesion is irritative the nystamus will beat to the same side or TOWARD the lesion
Disrupted canal that matches the following nystagmus
- Horizontal
- Upbeats with torsion
- Lateral semi-circular canal
- Posterior semi-circular canal
Pathway: Connection to the auditory system that relays information to the primary auditory cortex
Medial geniculate body
Tract: Connection between vestibular system and stability muscles of the torso and LE (below neck)
Lateral vestibulospinal tract
3 Vestibular peripheral sensory apparatus structures that detect angular movement (yaw, pitch, roll)
Anterior, Posterior, Lateral Semi-Circular Canal
