august-oct

Question 1

when people stopped basing their ideas/beliefs on what the Catholic Church authorized. Europeans adopted independent thinking

Answer 1

enlightenment

Question 2

where did monotheism originate

Answer 2

ancient israel

Question 3

islam was born in

Answer 3

mecca

Question 4

what empire had mongol, central asian tribes taking over various territories. chaotic middle ages (medieval)

Answer 4

nomadic empire

Question 5

women from other empires sought to be/veil like

Answer 5

persian elite women

Question 6

three major political phrases of iran

Answer 6

absolute monarchy, parliamentary monarchy, and autocratic monarchy

Question 7

Islam spread outside of Saudi Arabia to this empire. Did not let non-muslims live there. They had to pay a tax. Not in their interest to convert. Lot of internal tension.

Answer 7

umayaad empire

Question 8

Did not want to replicate the mistakes of their predecessors. Known as the golden era of Islam. New professions arose in this empire (poet, religious workers, etc.) Reflected that islam was spreading and merging with existing culture

Answer 8

abbasid empire

Question 9

when was the nomadic empire

Answer 9

13th century

Question 10

new islamic empires remerge, no longer ethnically arab. what empire?

Answer 10

safavid empire

Question 11

when was the safavid empire?

Answer 11

15th-18th century

Question 12

what helped the spread of islam across the peninsula?

Answer 12

poetry (qasidah)

Question 13

when and where was prophet muhammad born

Answer 13

mecca 570

Question 14

muhammad’s revelations and words were compiled into

Answer 14

the quran

Question 15

chapters in the quran are called

Answer 15

surast

Question 16

the rashidun caliphs are

Answer 16

muhammad’s four successors

Question 17

sunni believed muhammad’s successor should be…

Answer 17

merit based

Question 18

shiite believed muhammad’s successor should…

Answer 18

remain in the family

Question 19

the largest shiite country is

Answer 19

iran

Question 20

people who interpret the holy scriptures, government officials, whoever’s in charge

Answer 20

islamic scholars

Question 20

what are the five pillars of islam

Answer 20

shahadah, salat, sawm, hajj, and zakat

Question 20

pillar of islam that expresses Concept of charity to the less fortunate. Annual tax Muslims must pay

Answer 20

zakat

Question 21

the pilgrimmage to mecca is known as

Answer 21

hajj

Question 21

Prayer five times daily from dawn to sunset

Answer 21

salat

Question 21

proclamation of faith: message of monotheism, there is only one God and the Prophet Muhammad

Answer 21

shahadah

Question 22

If healthy, adults abstain from food, drink, and sexual activity from dawn to dusk during the month of Ramadan

Answer 22

sawm

Question 23

Actions of Muhammad in his daily life. If not in the Quran, try to look through ______

Answer 23

sunnah

Question 24

principles previously accepted for a similar situation. If there is a new encounter, base the encounter on the legal authority/president.

Answer 24

qiyas

Question 25

collectively agreed on certain practices. Women are often not part of the collective.

Answer 25

ijma

Question 26

human reasoning, use logic when the Quran and past three principles

Answer 26

ijtihad

Question 27

what is based on evidence and properly trained officials

Answer 27

shariah law

Question 28

trained religious workers that compile the shariah

Answer 28

ulama

Question 29

when and where was uniform training for the ulama

Answer 29

11th century baghdad

Question 30

what did the ottoman empire control

Answer 30

the mediterranean sea

Question 31

a warrior who was fighting for the Ottomans was promised a lot of things (i.e. expansion of Islam, glory, gold, etc.)

Answer 31

tradition of gaza

Question 32

frontier warriors of the ottoman empire were called

Answer 32

gazis

Question 33

ottoman empire was one of the first empires to use

Answer 33

gunpowder

Question 34

boys from christian/european domains in the empire. Taken from their families and brought to the mainland to be soldiers

Answer 34

janissaries

Question 35

soldiers that showed intellectual thinking were promoted to more prestige roles

Answer 35

devshirme system

Question 36

standing army full of provincial cavalrymen, freeborn Muslims

Answer 36

sipahi calvary

Question 37

leaders in the ottoman empire

Answer 37

sultans

Question 38

religious communities in the ottoman empire

Answer 38

millets

Question 39

the discovery of cairo geniza tells us

Answer 39

jewish laws were pretty similar to muslim laws

Question 40

ottoman laws

Answer 40

kanuns

Question 41

in what century did ottoman empire start declining

Answer 41

19th

Question 42

reasons for ottoman empire decline

Answer 42

abandonment of shariah laws

Question 43

what ruler implemented the ottomanization of education

Answer 43

abdul hamid iii

Question 44

The Wahhabi, Sanusi, and Mahdiyyah Movements believed

Answer 44

the only way to stop the decline of Islamic movement is to go back to Muhammad’s lifestyle

Question 45

what movement sought an indigenous lifestyle and preached the liberation of libyans

Answer 45

sanusi

Question 46

what movement attempted to purify the faith and believed ppl should go back to the way muhammad lived his life

Answer 46

wahhabi

Question 47

what movement was Against Egyption corruption and taxes

Answer 47

mahdiyyah