Australia Flashcards
(119 cards)
1
Q
When were vines first brought to Australia?
A
1788
2
Q
Who owns Penfolds?
A
Treasury Wine Estates
3
Q
Historically what hindered domestic Australian wine trade?
A
Strict state borders
4
Q
Which two states of production was phylloxera limited to?
A
Victoria and New South Wales
5
Q
Which region produces the most wine in Australia?
A
South Australia..approx 51%
6
Q
Major rivers in Australia
A
Murray, Darling, Murrumbidgee
7
Q
Up until the 1960’s what style of wine was mainly produced in Australia?
A
Sweet fortified wine..about 80%
8
Q
Which Australian University leads the way in viticultural studies?
A
University of Adelaide
9
Q
Is Chaptalization allowed in Australia?
A
No
10
Q
Where is Riverland?
A
South Australia
11
Q
Where is Riverina?
A
New South Wales
12
Q
Who made the inaugural vintage of Penfolds Grange, when, and what was it initially called?
A
Max Schubert
1951
Grange Hermitage
13
Q
What is a unique characteristic of Grange that makes it different than many top bottlings across the world?
A
It is a blend of many sites from across several states
14
Q
Who makes “Hill of Grace”
A
Henschke, its Shiraz
15
Q
Who makes “octavius”
A
Yalumba, Shiraz
16
Q
Who makes Astralis?
A
Clarendon Hills
17
Q
Who makes “RunRig”
A
Torbreck
18
Q
What has been a continuing problem in some of the irrigated districts in Australia since 2009?
A
Continuing drought and wildfires
19
Q
When was Wine Australia formed?
A
1981 (Australia Wine and Brandy Corp)
20
Q
What does Wine Australia oversee?
A
Govt Authority label language defining geographical boundaries moderating exports and trade promoting product
21
Q
What is the Label Integrity Program, when was it introduced, and what does it regulate?
A
- 1990 vintage
- requiring wines that are labeled with a variety, vintage, or region be 85% respectively.
- if wines are a blend they must be listed in order of proportion of the blend
- all componenets making up 85% the blend must be listed and no listed variety can be less than an unlisted one
22
Q
Australian GI’s are…
A
Simply geographical. They do not limit grape varities,l yields, etc. (Think US AVA)
23
Q
What is the order of delineation of Australian GI’s..Largest to smallest
A
State
Zone
Region or GI
Subregion
24
Q
What does Wine Australia define Regions and Sub Regions as?
A
“single tracts of land”
comprising at least five independently owned vineyards
must be at least 5ha in size
with a minimu of 500 tons of grapes annually
***regions do not have to be in a single zone or state
25
When was the Zone of South East Australia authorized? What is it comprised of?
1996
| Victoria, Tasmania, New South Wales, and South Australia and Queensland
26
Where were the first vines planted in Australia and when?
New South Wales, 1788
27
Which mountain range separates Australia's wetter coatal areas from the more arid interior?
The Great Dividing Range, runs North to South
28
Years of major bush fires in Australia
2009, 2019, 2020
29
Which wines appear on shelves first each year, Northen or Southern hemisphere?
Southern, six months early generally.
30
Where is most of Australia's production?
New South Wales, approx 1/4 of Australias wine production
- West of the great dividing range
- Riverina or the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area
- CASELLA AKA YELLOW TAIL
31
Who makes "Noble One", what is it, and where is it located?
De Bortoli, Riverina New South Wales, botrytised Semillon
32
Where is the Hunter Valley GI located?
Lower half of the Hunter Valley Zone
33
What is the climate like of the Hunter Valley GI?
subtropical, one of the warmest climates in all of Australia. Has lots of humidity rain and wind
34
What is Semillon often referred to as in the Hunter Valley?
"Hunter Valley Riesling"
35
Approx how much of Hunter Valley's output is white?
60%
36
Give an example of top Hunter Valley Semillon?
Tyrrell's Vat 1
37
Most important red and white grapes of Hunter Valley
- Semillon
- Verdelho
- Shiraz
- Cab Sauv
38
What is Broke Fordwich?
a subregion of hunter valley
39
Where is the Canberra District?
Inland- New South Wales Zone, but split with the Australian Capital Territory
40
What is the climate of Canberra?
continental
41
What grapes is Canberra known for?
Shiraz
42
Name a famous producer of Canberra shiraz
Clonakilla Canberra District Shiraz--- co fermented w/Viognier
43
What is produced in the Tumbarumba GI?
Alpine, cool climate. Sparkling wines made from Pinot Noir and Chardonnay on sunny hillsides on basalt slopes. Snowy Mountains are the major geographical feature
44
What is the smallest state of production on the Australian mainland?
Victoria
45
What is the coolest climate on the mainland?
Victoria
46
Where is the Port Phillip Zone?
Victoria, near Melbourne
47
What is the climate of the Port Phillip Zone?
Cool Maritime climate
48
Where is the Yarra Valley?
Victoria, The oldest wine region there
49
Major grapes of Yarra?
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Cab, and Shiraz often called Syrah and co-fermented with Viognier
50
Where is Mount Mary winery?
Yarra Valley GI
51
Where did Moet open Australian Domaine Chandon?
Yarra Valley GI
52
What are the two distinct soil types of the Yarra Valley?
- Grey brown sandy loam
| - red basalt
53
Where is the Mornington Peninsula?
Victoria, enclosing the Port Phillip Bay
54
What grapes are grown in Mornington Peninsula?
Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, and Pinot Noir. Very cool and maritime here, too cool for Cab Sauv
55
Name the inland zones of Victoria
(Continental climate, high diurnal shifts)
| North West Victoria, Central Victoria, North East Victoria
56
Out of the Inland Victoria zones, which is the warmest and requires irrigation?
North West Victoria
57
Where are Murray Darling and Swan Hill GI's?
In the North West Victoria Zone and are shared with Victoria (Chardonnay and Shiraz..most industrial)
58
Where are Bendingo, Heathcote, and Goulbourn Valley GI's, major grapes?
Central Victoria Zone--Red grapes, particularly Shiraz
59
What is the only place in Victoria that can boast pre-phylloxera ungrafted vines and possibly the oldest Marsanne vineyards in the world?
Goulbourn Valley, Central Victoria, A producer called Tahbilk...Shiraz from 1860
60
Where are Rutherglen and Glenrowan?
North East Victoria Zone
61
What is "Topaque"
Formerly Tokay, A sweet fortified style of wine made from Muscadelle made in Rutherglen and Glenrowan GI's in the North East Victoria Zone
62
Where would you find Brown Muscat?
Rutherglen GI, made from Muscat Rouge a Petit Grains
63
What is the Muscat of Rutherglen Network?
A producers syndicate formed in 1995 for a voluntary four tier quality classification. Producers classify their wines on their own by taste and their inclusion is notes with an "R" on the labels.
64
How many zones are in the state of South East Australia?
Eight
- Far North
- Limestone Coast
- Lower Murray
- Fleurieu
- Barossa
- Mount Lofty Ranges
- The Peninsulas
- Adelaide Superzone (Barossa, Fleurieu, Mount Lofty Ranges)
65
What are the zones of New South Wales?
```
Northern Slopes
Northern Rivers
Hunter Valley
Central Ranges
Southern New South Wales
South Coast
Western Plains
Big Rivers
```
66
What are the Zones of Victoria?
```
North West Victoria
Western Victoria
Central Victoria
Port Phillip
North East Victoria
Gippsland
```
67
What are the Zones of Western Australia?
```
South West Australia
Greater Perth
Central Western Australia
West Australian South East Coastal
Eastern Plains, Inland & North of Western Australia
```
68
What are the Zones of Tasmania?
Tasmania
69
What are the zones of Queensland?
None...two GI's
Granite Belt GI
South Burnett GI
70
Where is Coonawarra?
Limestone Coast zone of New South Wales, Maritime Climate, Best Cab Sauv
71
Where is terra rossa soil?
Coonawarra GI and Padthaway GI
72
Which GI of New South Wales produces the most white wine?
Padthaway GI
73
Overall what is the major output of New South Wales?
Red wines
74
Where is the lower murray zone?
North of the Limestone Coast in New South Wales
75
What is the GI of the Lower Murray Zone and what does it produce?
Riverland GI, All bulk output, it is hot and irrigated
76
What is the climate of the climate of Fleurieu Zone and where is it?
New South Wales, Medeterranean
77
Where are the following GI's located?
Wrattonbully, Robe, Mount Benson, and Mount Gambier
Limestone Coast
78
What bodies of water moderate the temperatures of the Fleurieu?
Lake Alexandrina inland and the Southern Oceans Currents
79
In which zone is Mc Laren Vale located?
Fleurieu, state of South Australia
80
What are the major varieties grown in Mc Laren Vale?
Cab Sauv
Shiraz
Grenache
Mouvedre (Mataro)
81
Where are d'Arenberg and Clarendon Hills located?
Mc Laren Vale
82
Which zone is north of Fleurieu?
Mount Lofty Ranges
83
Which GI's are in Mount Lofty Ranges?
Clare Valley, Adelaide Hills, Adelaide Plains
84
Where is Adelaide Hills GI and what are its subregions?
Mount Lofty Ranges...contains Piccadilly Valley and Lenswood GI (furthest South of Mount Lofty Ranges)
85
What grapes are grown in Adelaide Hills GI?
Chardonnay, Sauv Blanc, Pinot Noir, and sparkling
86
Where is Clare Valley located?
Mount Lofty Ranges Zone, South Australia
87
Unofficial subzones of Clare Valley?
Polish Hill River (Broken Slate), and Watervale (Limestone)
88
What is the Adelaide GI?
A superzone allowing blending across Barossa, Fleurieu, and Mount Lofty Ranges
89
Where is the Barossa Zone located?
Inland, surrounded on three sides by Mount Lofty Ranges, Contains the Barossa Valley GI. Premium Shiraz.
90
What are the traditional aging vessels for Barossa Shiraz?
300L American Oak Hogshead Barrels
91
Where is Torbreck, Peter Lehmann and Rockford located?
Barossa
92
Where is Eden Valley GI located?
In the Barossa Zone
93
What are the major grapes of Eden Valley?
Cab Sauv, Shiraz, Riesling, Chard, Viognier
94
Where is Yalumba, Pewsey Vale, and Henschke?
Eden Valley, Barossa Zone, South Australia
95
Who makes Hill of Grace?
Henschke
96
What is the precursor to Hill of Grace?
Mount Edelstone
97
Where is Margaret River GI?
State of Western Australia, South West Australia Zone
98
What is Western Australia's most acclaimed GI?
Margaret River
99
What is produced in Margaret River GI?
Almost equal between red and white
Chard, Semillon, Sauv Blanc, Cab and Bordeaux style blends
Maritime Climate
100
Where is Cullen, Vasse Felix, Leeuwin Estate, and Cape Mentelle?
Margaret River GI, South West Australia Zone, State of Western Australia
101
What are the five subregions of the great Southern GI?
| Where is it?
```
Mount Barker
Frankland River
Albany
Porongurup
Denmark
```
Western Australia
102
What is the hottest GI in Australia?
Swan Valley GI
103
What are the growing regions of Queensland?
Granite Belt and South Burnett...with Darling Downs coming up in the near future
104
What is Australia's coolest wine producing region?
Tasmania
105
When was the first vintage of "Grange Hermitage"
1951
106
When did Penfold's drop the "Hermitage" from Grange?
1990
107
When was the first vintage of "Hill of Grace"
1958
108
What year were the first Australian GI's introduced?
1994
109
Is chaptalization illegal in Australia?
yes
110
What is the Barossa old vine charter?
a self regulated charter of old vineyards in the region.
originally developed internally by Yalumba
```
Four Classifications:
Old Vines (35 yrs of age)
Survivor Vines (70 yrs of age)
Centenarian Vines (100 yrs of age)
Ancestor Vines (125 years of age)
```
111
Who makes "The Command"?
Elderton Shiraz
112
Where is hill of grace?
Eden Valley GI, Barossa Zone, State of South Australia
113
In which zone is McLaren Vale?
Fleurieu Zone
114
Where is the Langhorne Creek GI?
North of Lake Alexandria, in the Fleurieu GI, Barossa Zone, State of South Australia
115
Where is Jim Barry winery?
Clare Valley, Mount Lofty Ranges Zone, State of South Australia
116
Who produces "John Riddoch" Cabernet?
Wynn's Coonawarra
117
Name three Langton's Exceptional Wines
```
Grosset Polish Hill Riesling
Clarendon Hills Astralis
Penfolds Grange
Penfolds 707
Wynns Connawarra "John Riddoch" Cab
```
118
What are the subregions of the Adelaide Hills GI
Piccadilly and Lenswood GI's
119
Where is Penfold's historic Magill estate?
Adelaide Plains GI
