Australia

Question 1

How much dose sparkling wine represent of the total wine crush in Australia?

Answer 1

6% which equaled 66 million litres in 2019-2020

Question 2

How much sparkling wine is exported from Australia?

Answer 2

11% - which has risen over recent years driven by Moscato, Shiraz, and Australian Prosecco

Question 3

How much sparkling wine does to the domestic market in Australia

Answer 3

89%

Question 4

What methods of making sparkling wine are used in Australia

Answer 4

all methods - traditional, tank, transfer and carbonation

Question 5

What varietals are used for traditional methods in Austraila?

Answer 5

Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, meunier blends

Question 6

What varietals are used to make tank method wines in Australia?

Answer 6

Glera/Prosecco, Moscato

Question 7

What other two methods are used for sparkling wines in Australia that are in very limited quantities

Answer 7

sparkling Shiraz and Pet Nat

Question 8

Where are grapes grown for traditional method sparkling wines in Australia?

Answer 8

cooler regions esp Tasmania but also Yarra Valley, Adelaide Hills and the alpine regions of Victoria, and New SOuth Wales or higher altitude sites

Question 9

Why are grapes grown in cooler regions in Australia

Answer 9

highly suitable for quality sparkling wines due to their high acidity moderate potential alcohol due to slow sugar accumulation, and creation of ripe but med intensity fruit characters

Question 10

How are yields in quality regions for sparkling wines compared to regions of high volume sparkling wines

Answer 10

much lower leading to increased price

Question 11

What is the leading region for high quality traditional method wines in Australia

Answer 11

Tasmania

Question 12

How far back does Tasmania’s history for growing grapes for sparkling wine go?

Answer 12

1980s when a joint venture between Heemskerk and CHampagne Louis Roederer was launched

Question 13

How much of Australia’s wine production was made into sparkling wine

Answer 13

36%

Question 14

What is the climate on the inland of Australia

Answer 14

varied - north coast of tamar vallley and Pipers valley are close to each other but Tamar is much warmer as it is more sheltered from the from Southern Ocean and harvests a fortnight before Pipers

Question 15

how do the coolest areas in Australia compare to Champagne

Answer 15

they are cooler than Champagne but with higher sunlight intensity due to latitude

Question 16

Where do the largest producers in Australia source their fruit from>

Answer 16

different locations around the island to gain the volumes necessary, blending grapes from cooler and warmer regions to balance wines

Question 17

What are the main challenges when growing grapes in Australia

Answer 17

spring frosts and high rainfall
coulure in early season and botrytis in later season

Question 18

Where are fruit for inexpensive wines grown for sparkling wine in Australia

Answer 18

wide range of regions: Riverland, Riverina and Murray Darling - all labeled South Eastern Australia (vast amount of sparkling wine produced in Australia

Question 19

In regions where inexpensive sparkling wine is made describe irrigation and mechanization

Answer 19

irrigation = essential
mechanization = standard

Question 20

When is fruit for inexpensive sparkling wine in Australia picked>

Answer 20

early for lower potential alcohol, to retain acidity, and avoid overripe fruit notes

Question 21

Compare yields in warm areas of Australia compared to cooler areas

Answer 21

yields are 2-3x as high as in cool areas and prices are around 1/4 of the prices for the fruit that goes into super premium wines

Question 22

What is the one exception to cooler sites and early picking

Answer 22

fruit for sparkling red wine, esp Shiraz
fruit is grown in warm region climates esp central Victoria Barossa Valley and McLaren Vale

Question 23

What do red sparkling wines require>

Answer 23

richness, intense flavors

Question 24

When are grapes for re sparkling wines in Australia picked?

Answer 24

at the same time as still wine grapes

Question 25

What are yields for red sparkling wine grapes in Australia?

Answer 25

range from high for inexpensive to moderate for premium and above

Question 26

How are traditional method wines made in Australia

Answer 26

several different styles - Vintage, NV, prestige cuvee and rose

Question 27

What is the time spent on lees for traditional method wines in Australia

Answer 27

varies: premium producers look to Champagne as an example without having to be restrained to it and have similar min lees aging time

Question 28

How long do a significant number of producers age their wine on lees for traditional method Australia wines

Answer 28

long periods of time as standard (3 or more years)

Question 29

Which producers lead the late disgorged wines in Australia where wines are aged more than 6 years on lees for traditional method wines

Answer 29

Jansz and Arras

Question 30

what has led to most large producers pressing grapes on the island but completing the winemaking on the mainland

Answer 30

geographical position of Tasmania

Question 31

What happens after juice is refridgerated in Australia

Answer 31

it is transported to their own wineries in mainland Australia where they have invested in specialized equipment for the 2nd fermentation stage for sparkling wine

Question 32

What do smaller producers in Tasmania do with their wines

Answer 32

make their wines into completion on the island as small vol production can be carried out by hand and limited machinery (gyropalletes)

Question 33

General SAT for traditional method wines from Australia

Answer 33

med + to high acidity med alcohol body and flavor intensity can vary from med - to med + depending on style and length of lees aging lighter styles = soft fruity citrus and apple fuller body = prominent autolytic notes

Question 34

Do traditional method sparkling wines in Australia go through malolactic conversion?

Answer 34

depending on style wineries wish to make

Question 35

Where are inexpensive and mid priced sparkling wines made in Australia?

Answer 35

across a number of cool moderate and warm climate regions

Question 36

Typically what regions do inexpensive and mid prices sparkling wines from in Australia

Answer 36

they are blends for a number of regions, but some may have regional designations

Question 37

What varieties can be made by tank, transfer and carbonation methods in Australia?

Answer 37

chardonnay, pinot noir, moscato, and Glera/Prosecco

Question 38

General SAT for wines made by tank, transfer and carbonation methods in Australia?

Answer 38

med - med+ acidity dry - med sweet low to med alcohol light to med body fruity soime intensity with citrus, riper peach and apricot as well as grapey little to no autolytic notes

Question 39

What are the main brands of tank, transfer and carbonation methods in Australia?

Answer 39

Brown Brothers and Jacob's Creek and Yellowglen

Question 40

How is sparkling shiraz made>

Answer 40

like normal still red wine including malolactic conversion and may or may not spend time maturing in oak

Question 41

What method is used for very good and outstanding quality sparkling wines in Australia

Answer 41

traditional method

Question 42

What method is used for acceptable and good quality sparkling wines in Australia

Answer 42

transfer method, tank, carbonation

Question 43

General SAT for Shiraz sparkling wines

Answer 43

deep in color ruby to garnet med - to med acidity med to high alcohol med but ripe and soft tannins (balanced by dosage) med - full body med to pronounced intensity styles can be distinctly fruit or have more savoury complexity from extended oak maturation prior to 2nd fermentation autolytic notes are not as overt

Question 44

What are some wines that are available for extended lees aging in Sparkling Shiraz

Answer 44

late disgorged

Question 45

When are sparkling reds typically released

Answer 45

after 1-2 years

Question 46

Where is Moscato a growing sector domestically?

Answer 46

Australian wine market

Question 47

In Australia what is Moscato made from

Answer 47

grapes grown in many different regions though trending in warmer regions

Question 48

How is higher quality small production Moscato made in Australia made?

Answer 48

by traditional method

Question 49

How is inexpensive to midpriced Moscato made in Austraila?

Answer 49

carbonation

Question 50

General SAT for sparkling Moscato in Australia

Answer 50

low in alcohol med acidity off dry - sweet distinctly fruity with grapey flavors acceptable to good quality

Question 51

What is a rapidly growing segment in the australian sparkling wine market?

Answer 51

Australian Prosecco

Question 52

What is the main region where Australian Prosecco is produced?

Answer 52

King Valley where Prosecco is the flagship sparkling wine

Question 53

How is Prosecco labeled in Australia

Answer 53

continues to be labelled Prosecco with the argument being that Australia planted the variety before Italy changed the use of the name from a variety to the name of the PDO - however if exported to EU they need to be labelled Glera

Question 54

When and by who was the first Australian Prosecco produced

Answer 54

Dal Zotto in 2004

Question 55

How is Australian Prosecco predominantly made

Answer 55

tank method to obtain light fruity style; although some carbonated wine is also made

Question 56

General SAT for Australian Prosecco

Answer 56

med + acidity light to med body med alcohol delicate white peach flavors off dry to med dry quality is good to very good

Question 57

What type of wine is now being made by many small often natural winemakers in several regions with several varietals in Australia?

Answer 57

Pet Nat

Question 58

What color can Pet Nat wines be in Australia?

Answer 58

red, white, and rose

Question 59

Describe Pet Nat from Australia

Answer 59

quite cloudy with varying levels of pressure from slightly sparkling to fully sparkling

Question 60

General SAT for Pet Nat in Australia

Answer 60

dry light to med + body med + acidity med alcohol flavor intensity med to pronounced yeasty characteristic along with fruit flavors

Question 61

Explain why Australian winemakers are able to come up with new styles

Answer 61

they are not constrained by laws related to varietals permitted within geographical indications

Question 62

Who is sparkling wine in Australia made by

Answer 62

full range of producers: major corperations to small artisan growers

Question 63

What has happened due to the success of Tasmanian traditional method sparkling wine?

Answer 63

led to significant acquisitions of small wineries by large producers and to the consolidation in the sector; Ex: Brown brothers bought Tamar Ridge and Accolade owns a range of brands

Question 64

How much of the domestic wine sales does Sparkling wine represent by vol in Australia?

Answer 64

12%

Question 65

What styles of sparkling Australian wine have increased in sales? which one has decreased?

Answer 65

Prosecco and Moscato Shiraz

Question 66

What were sales of Australian Prosecco in the domestic retail market in 2020-21

Answer 66

6.5 million litres

Question 67

How has Moscato grown in production between 2014-2017 in Australia?

Answer 67

tripled, but has fallen to less than half the sales of Prosecco on retail market

Question 68

Describe some reasons sparkling Shiraz sale may be falling

Answer 68

due to rise of other sparkling options reduced interest in high alcohol wines new interest in foreign sparkling wines

Question 69

Where is the increased interest for Pet Nat in Australia

Answer 69

wine bars in the domestic market