Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Citizenship Test > Australia and its people > Flashcards

Australia and its people Flashcards

(94 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Who are Australia’s first inhabitants?

A

The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who has the oldest continuous cultures and traditions in the world?

A

The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where are aboriginal people from historically?

A

Mainland Australia and Tasmania

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

According to the archeological record, how many years ago did the Aboriginal peoples arrive in Australia?

A

Between 65,000 and 40,000 years ago

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do the Aboriginal peoples believe about creation stories of this land?

A

They believe they are central to the creation stories of this land, and their creation stories commence with the beginning of time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where are Torres Strait Islander people from?

A

The islands between the northern tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What still guides Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples today?

A

age-old beliefs and traditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples deep connection with the land expressed?

A

in their stories, art and dance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an important part of Australia’s national identity?

A

Indigenous cultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When did European settlement start?

A

when the first 11 convict ships, which became known as the ‘First Fleet’, arrived from Great Britain on 26th January 1788

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why did the convicts get transported to the other side of the world: to the new colony of New South Wales in 1788?

A

Because British laws were harsh and the jails could not hold the large number of people imprisoned for their crimes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who was the first Governor of the colony of New South Wales?

A

Captain Arthur Phillip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How did the colony survive and grow?

A

as more convicts and free settlers arrived, it grew and developed. more colonies were established in other parts of Australia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where did early free settlers come from?

A

Great Britain and Ireland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What heritage has had a major influence on Australia’s recent history, culture and politics?

A

The British and Irish heritage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When did the gold rush begin?

A

1851

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which colonies was gold discovered in 1851?

A

New South Wales and Victoria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why did people from all around the world come to Australia in 1851?

A

to try to make their fortunes during the ‘gold rush’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Who were the large group of migrants to arrive not from Europe?

A

Chinese people (arrived during the ‘gold rush’ time)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In what time-frame did Australia’s population more than double during the ‘gold rush’’?

A

10 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What happened in 1901?

A

the separate colonies were united into a federation of states called the Commonwealth of Australia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What was established in 1901 under the new Australian Constitution?

A

our national democratic institutions, including our national parliament, government, and High Court

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What was the population of Australia in 1901

A

about four million (but this did not include Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When were Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples included in official estimates of the Australian population?

A

After a Referendum in 1967

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Migration levels rose and fell during which time-point?
the first half of the 20th century
26
There were programs to actively encourage which migrants to settle here in the first half of the 20th century?
British migrants (and many did)
27
When did a wave of non-British migration occur?
After World War 2
28
Why was there a wave of non-British migration after World War 2?
Because millions of people in Europe had to leave their homelands
29
In recent years, what has brought people to Australia from all over the world?
our migration and refugee programs
30
What main reasons do people have in recent years for coming to Australia?
to joint family, to make a new life, or to escape poverty, war, or persecution
31
What has increased in Australia's population in the last two centuries?
the diversity which enhances Australia's connection to the world
32
While Australia celebrates the diversity of Australia's people, they also aim to what?
build a cohesive and unified nation
33
What is Australia's national language?
English
34
In keeping with Australian values, migrants should learn what?
English to help them participate in Australian society
35
How many distinct Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages are there?
more than 100
36
The Commonwealth of Australia is what?
A federation of states and territories
37
How many states and mainland territories are there in Australia?
6 states and 2 mainland territories
38
What is Australia's capital city?
Canberra
39
New South Wales capital city
Sydney
40
Victoria Capital City
Melbourne
41
Queensland capital city
Brisbane
42
Western Australia capital city
Perth
43
South Australia capital city
Adelaide
44
Tasmania capital city
Hobart
45
Australian Capital Territory capital city
Canberra
46
Northern Territory capital city
Darwin
47
What is the first colony established by the British?
New South Wales
48
What is the nation's largest city?
Sydney
49
What are two national icons of Sydney?
The Sydney Harbour Bridge and Opera House
50
What is the smallest of the mainland states?
Victoria
51
What is unique about many of the find buildings in Victoria?
They were built from the wealth created by the gold rush of the 1850s
52
What are Victoria's icons?
Melbourne Cricket Ground, the 12 Apostles, and the Royal Exhibition Building
53
What is the second largest state?
Queensland
54
What lies to the north of Queensland?
The Torres Strait Islands
55
What runs along the eastern coast of Queensland?
Great Barrier Reef
56
What is unique about Queensland's land?
It has tropical rainforests, temperate coastal areas, and an often dry inland
57
What is the largest state in Australia?
Western Australia
58
What part of Western Australia is mostly desert?
the east of the state
59
What constitutes the south-west part of WA?
it is a rich agricultural and wine-growing area
60
What is WA home to?
many large mining projects
61
What are the icons of WA?
Ningaloo Coast, Margaret River, and the Kimberly region
62
Which state has a rugged coastline and many famous wine regions?
South Australia
63
What does Adelaide have many examples of?
colonial architecture
64
South Australia's Icons
the Barossa Valley and the Flinders Ranges
65
What is the smallest state?
Tasmania
66
What state is separated from the mainland by the Bass Strait?
Tasmania
67
What state has unspoilt wilderness and landscapes?
Tasmania
68
What are Tasmanian icons?
Cradle Mountain, Port Arthur, and the Bay of Fires
69
Where is the ACT located?
Between Sydney and Melbourne
70
What national institutions are located in Canberra?
Parliament House and the High Court of Australia
71
What characterises the environment of the Northern Territory?
tropical environment in the north of the state and dry red desert in the south
72
What are the NT icons?
Uluru, Kata Tjuta and Kings Canyon
73
What is a Welcome to Country?
A cultural practice performed by an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander custodian of the local region, welcoming visitors to their traditional land.
74
Why was a welcome to country traditionally performed?
To ensure visitors had a safe and protected journey during their time on the land
75
What are many forms of a Welcome to Country?
songs, dances, smoking ceremonies or speeches in traditional language or English
76
What is an Acknowledgement of Country?
an opportunity to recognise that the gathering is on Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander land; pay respects to Traditional Custodians, particularly Elders past and present; and pay respects to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in attendance
77
How is an acknowledgement of country usually delivered and when?
part of the Welcome and Housekeeping at meetings and events. anyone can deliver this.
78
Why are 'Welcome to Country' and 'Acknowledgement of Country' protocols practiced?
to show respect for aboriginal and Torres Strait islander peoples
79
When and what is Australia Day?
26th January annually - anniversary of the arrival of the First Fleet from Great Britain in 1788
80
On what public holiday do we acknowledge and celebrate the contribution that every Australian makes to our contemporary and dynamic nation?
Australia Day
81
On what public holiday does the Prime Minister announce the Australian of the Year Awards in Canberra?
Australia Day
82
What is Anzac Day named after and when is it commemorated?
named after the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps, which landed at Gallipoli in Turkey during World War 1 on 25 April 1915 (commemorated on 25 April annually)
83
What do we remember on Anzac Day?
sacrifice of all Australians who served and died in wars, conflicts and peacekeeping operations. We also honour the courage and commitment of all servicemen and women and reflect on the many different meanings of war
84
Describe the Australian National Flag
'Union Jack' (the flag of the UK) is in the top left corner - this represents our history of British settlement and the laws and institutions we inherited as a result. The Commonwealth Star is under the Union Jack - has 7 points, each point representing one of the 6 states and one point for the territories The southern cross on the right is a group of 5 stars that can be seen in the southern sky
85
Describe the Australian Aboriginal Flag
Black, red and yellow. Top half is black and represents the Aboriginal peoples of Australia. Bottom half is red and represents the part, which has ceremonial significance. The yellow circle represents the sun.
86
Describe the Torres Strait Islander Flag
Green, blue, black and white. Green stripes represent the land; blue panel in the centre represents the sea; black lines represent the Torres Strait Islander people; the white dancer's headdress in the centre is a symbol for all Torres Strait islanders; the points of the white star represent the island groups in the Torres Strait, and the colour white symbolises peace.
87
What is the Commonwealth Coat of Arms?
the official symbol of the Commonwealth of Australia. it represents our national unity, it identifies the authority and property of the Commonwealth of Australia
88
Describe the Commonwealth Coat of Arms
Shield in the centre represents the 6 states and federation. A kangaroo and an emu support the shield on either side (native Australian animals). A gold Commonwealth Star above the shield. The background is the golden wattle, Australia's national flower
89
What is Australia's national flower?
the golden wattle
90
where does the golden wattle grow? describe it
small tree that grows mainly in south-eastern Australia. has bright green leaves and many golden yellow flowers in spring. each of the states and territories of Austrailia also has its own floral emblem
91
What are Australia's national colours and what do they represent?
green and gold - the colours of the golden wattle (the uniforms of our national sports teams are usually gold and green)
92
what is Australia's national gemstone?
opal - according to aboriginal legend, a rainbow touched the earth and created the colours of the opal
93
What is Australia's National Anthem Called?
Advance Australia Fair
94
When is the national anthem sung?
on occasions of national importance, including at Australian citizenship ceremonies and major sporting events

Citizenship Test (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions