Australia theory and producers Flashcards
(30 cards)
Who was the first to land in Australia?
Captain Arthur Philip in 1788 with 11 ships, British soldiers, convicts, free settlers and vine cuttings from the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa. Landing on Botany Bay south of Sydney
Where was the first vineyard planted?
Swan River Colony in Western Australia in 1830
Who are some of the oldest famous winemakers still around today?
Lindemans 1843, Penfolds 1844, Orlando Wines 1847, Yalumba 1848, Henschke’s 1860
Penfolds Grange first vintage?
Grange Hermitage in 1951 by Max Sherbet Chief winemaker 1948-1975. Known as Grange since 1990 and is a blend of the best grapes from the companies best vineyards
Henschke’s Hill of Grace first vintage?
1958 by Cyril Henschke from 100 year old vines with breakout vintages in 1990, 91, 98
Who is Langton’s and what did they create?
Australias leading wine auction house that created “Classification of Australian Wine” in 1991 to detail top performing investment grade Australian wines. Now in its 8th installment classifying 21 wines as “First classified” and 79 as “Classified”
Which years were hit with severe decade drought?
2003, 06, 07, 08, 09
What rank is Australian in world production and top 5 varieties?
7th as of 2024. Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Merlot, and Semillon.
What is Wine Australia?
Government authority est. 1981, as the Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation. Maintains oversight on the wine industry, label language, defining GI boundaries, moderating exports and trades, and promoting the product at home and abroad.
What is the Label Integrity Program?
Introduced for the 1990 vintage, requiring any wines labeled by vintage, variety, or region to contain a minimum 85% of the stated grape, year, or region. If multiple varieties, the grapes must be listed in order of their proportion in the blend. All components making up a min of 85% of the blend must appear on label, no listed grape may be in lower proportion than an unnamed variety.
What is the Wine and Brandy Corporation Act of 1980?
Was amended to define GI’s and create a GI committee responsible for which regions should be placed on a new register of protected names. First GI’s rolled out in 1994 with no restrictions on varieties, yields, or other viticultural techniques, with states, zones, regions, and sub regions.
Define regions and sub regions?
Defined by Wine Australia as single tracts of land, at least five independently owned vineyards at least 5 HA apiece with a minimum annual output of 500 tonnes of wine grapes. Regions are not contained within a single zone and zones are not contained in a single state
Explain the multi state zone of Southeastern Australia?
In 1996 Wine Australia responded to EU laws requiring varietal wines to bear a specific region on the label by authorizing the multi state zone of Southeastern Australia with Victoria, Tasmania, New South Wales, South Australia, and Queensland.
Explain the European Gi indications and Traditional Expressions agreement.
In 2008 the EU and Australia established an immediate legal protection for European GI indications and traditional expressions in Australia. From 2011 producers were barred from using European GI’s like champagne and traditional names like Amontillado and Shiraz cannot be labeled “Hermitage”. “Tokay” was phased out in 2020. Tokay is Topaque and Sherry is Apera.
What does AWRI and CSIRO stand for?
Australia Wine Research Institute and the Common Wealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organization. Both are based in Adelaide and have contributed greatly to the scientific understanding of the grape.
Which concept was developed by CSIRO in the 1970’s?
Minimal pruning
How did winemakers improve berry quality and reduce water usage in the 1980 and 90’s?
They developed restrictive irrigation techniques of Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI) and Partial Root zone Drying (PRD)
Explain RDI?
Regulated defficit irrigation creates water stress during certain key periods of the vine’s development by lowering the total amount of applied irrigation water which is very useful but may lower yield, and negatively impact the development of aromatic varieties by slowing the accumulation of monoterpenes in the ripening grapes. RDI provides only marginal water use savings, and lower water use efficiency.
Explain PRD?
Partial rootzone drying reduces total water use by up to 50% by alternating the application of drip irrigation from one side of a vine row to the other, keeping half of the rootzone irrigated and half dry, while not affecting yields.
What kind of packaging did Australia develop?
Bag-in-the-box technology in the 1960’s
What is the Adelaide super zone?
It’s a super zone of Barossa zone, Fleurie zone, and Mount Lofty Ranges zone with various climates and significant changes in elevation.
How did South Australia avoid phylloxera?
By quickly implementing a total ban on imported vine material in 1874.
Henschke location and summary?
Region- Eden Valley Est. 1862
Summary- 4th generation winemaker Cyril Henschke is pioneer of varietal and single vineyard wines. 5th generation winemaker Stephen and Prue Henschke and present winemakers
Hanschke vineyard holdings?
Mount Edelstone 40 acres Eden Valley
Hill of Grace 20 acres Eden Valley
Eden Valley 80 acres Eden Valley
Lenswood 32 acres Adelaide Hills Gi
