Autism Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is ABC
Antecendent - before the behaviour
Behaviour - what they do
Consequences - what follows the behaviour
Introduction
- scientific approach to understanding and modifying behaviour
- operant conditioning - Skinner
- increase adaptive behaviours
- reduce those that interfere with social and learning
What is autism
Developmental condition characterized by challenges in social communication repetitive behaviour and restricted interests.
ABA TECHNIQUES
Positive reinforcement
Discrete trial training
Task analysis
Generalisation
What is positive reinforcement
Providing reward to increase good behaviour (eg. Giving toy if using communication device correctly)
What is discrete trial training
-For young
-Skills broken down intro small manageable components.
-Tought using repeated trials with feedback and instructions
-Good at teaching social tasks and interaction and living tasks
What is Task analysis
- breaking complex tasks into steps
- eg handwashing
- prompting and fading - providing cues then removing on repeat until learn
What is generalisation
Helps individuals apply learned skills in one space to be able to use them in other social places
Evidence base
- EIBI has shown to lead to improvement in IQ and communication skills - (Lovaas 1987)
-NICE 2013 recognised ABA as evidence informed but recommends multi model individualised approach
Disadvantages
- intense and rigid 30 - 40 hours per week
- too focused on normalising behaviours like removing stereotypes behaviours rather then supporting child’s neurodiversity
However …
- evolved to adapt more person centred approach emphasizing choice and naturalistic teaching and consent
- strength based perspective respecting child’s individuality and focus overall improvement rather then eliminating certain behaviour
Psychologists role
- funcțional assessments to understand root cause
- collaborate with family teachers etc to develop individualised intervention plans
- monitor and make necessary changes to plan along way
