Autism Flashcards
1
Q
Axis I developmental disorder associated with severe impairment of which several areas of development?
A
- Reciprocal Social Interaction Skills
- Presence of stereotyped behavior, interests, & activities
- Communication skills
- May be associated w/ some mental retardation
2
Q
Primary Signs of Autism
A
- Social interaction difficulties: Significant emotional discomfort or detachment (avoiding eye contact, no response to cuddling or affection)
- Communication difficulties: either inability to communicate or has the ability to communicate but chooses not to in social settings
- Repetitive behaviors
3
Q
Other signs of autism
A
- Persistent failure to develop social relationships
- Failure to show preference to parents over adults
- Unusual sensitivity to visual, auditory, olfactory stimuli
- Unusual attachments to ordinary objects
4
Q
Management of a patient with autism
A
- Referral to neuropsychological testing
- Behavior modification strategies
- Medications
5
Q
Medical Work up for Autism
A
No definitive biologic test so…
- Do Hearing Test
- Dysmorphology Exam
- Lead Test
- Chromosome Microarray, with referral to genetics if (+)
6
Q
What is the DSM V criteria for Diagnosis of Autism
A
- Social Communications and Social Interaction Deficits, Persistent, Across Multiple Contexts
- Restricted Repetitive Patterns of Behavior, Interests or Activities
- Functional Impairment
- Not due to Intellectual Impairment or Global Developmental Delay
- Present from early development
At least 2 of the Following:
A. Insistence on sameness
B. Highly restricted fixed interests abnormal in intensity and/or focus
C. Sensory issues
D. Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements
7
Q
At 2 mo or 4 mo visits what should you see?
A
- Eye contact
- Smile
- Vocalization
- Sensory
8
Q
At 6 to 8 mo visits?
A
- Stranger anxiety/interest*
- Language (babbling & cooing)
- Sensory
- DON’T MAKE EYE CONTACT WITH THE BABY RIGHT AWAY, let them watch you interact with the parent
9
Q
At 9, 12, & 15 months?
A
- Language (pointing, gesturing)
- Shared attention
- Sensory
- Need for sameness in routines (Can become more rigid)
10
Q
At 18 months? (Start using MCHAT)
A
- Language
- Sensory (explores world but comes back for reassurance from parent, or is clingy)
- Use of mother as extension of self to accomplish a task v. as a separate partner in the task (kid on spectrum will often drag mother to place, instead of pointing etc.)
- Stable base to be returned to
- Sameness
- Solitary play
- Use of toys
11
Q
At 24-30 months?
A
Kids that are interested in each other & care about each other (concern for another)
12
Q
At 2 year physical?
A
- Language
- Sensory
- Sameness
- Shared attention
- Empathy
- Solitary play
- Idiosyncratic use of toys
13
Q
30-36 months?
A
- Language Quality
- Loss of language/other milestones
- Sensory
- Sameness (with persistent tantrums)
- Solitary play
- Odd
- Stereotypies
- Social anxiety/ Other comorbidities
14
Q
4-5 yrs?
A
- Language
- Little professor (want to talk about their favorite thing!)
- Solitary play, few friends, prefers adults
- Controlling in play with others
- Sameness, anxiety and tantrums
- Stereotypies, “stimming”
- Sensory issues
15
Q
School age?
A
- Few friends and bossy (depression can arise)
- Routine-bound
- Sensory issues
- Bullied
- Comorbidities e.g. ADHD, Anxiety, Nonverbal learning disabilities
