Autism Spectrum Disorder Flashcards
deficits in social-emotional reciprocity
Range from abnormal social approach and failure of normal back and forth conversations; to reduced sharing of interests, emotions, or affect: to failure to initiate or respond to social interactions.
deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction
Manifested by absent, reduced, or atypical use of eye contact (relative to cultural norms), gestures, facial expressions, body orientation, or speech intonation.
deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships
Ranging from difficulties adjusting behavior to suit various social context; to difficulties in sharing imaginative play or in making friends; to absence of interest in peers
stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, use of objects, or speech
Simple motor stereotypies, lining up toys or flipping objects, echolalia, idiosyncratic phrases (language with a private meaning; only makes sense to those familiar with the situation where the phrases came from)
highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus
Strong attachment to or preoccupation with unusual objects, excessively circumscribed or perseverative interest
insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns of verbal or nonverbal behavior
Extreme distress at small changes, difficulties with transitions, rigid thinking patterns, greeting rituals, need to take same route or eat same food everyday
hyper or hyporeactivity to sensory input or unusual interests in sensory aspects of environment
Apparent indifference to pain/ temperature, adverse response to specific sounds or textures, excessive smelling or touching of objects, visual fascination with lights or movement.
levels of severity across social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviors
Level 1 Requiring support
Leve 2 Requiring substantial support
Level 3 Requiring very substantial support
research regarding treatment intensity
Comprehensive undertaking that involves the child’s entire family and a team of professionals. One-on-one treatment 30-40 hours per week
early intensive behavioral intervention research
ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis) Early intensive intervention helps all ages, but those who start before age 2 were most likely to make dramatic gains.
foundational autism research
IAN (Interactive Autism Network) a project collecting information online from families of children with autism, ABA which may help build the foundation for later social skills training
Distinguishing between evidence-based interventions vs. nonevidence-based interventions
Evidence-based: a body of formal research indicates the effectiveness of the treatment. (occupational therapy, speech therapy, ABA, social skills therapy)
Non-evidence based: has not been proven effective ( Hippo therapy (horse-back riding), GFCF diet (Gluten free, Casein free)
