Autism Spectrum disorder

Question 1

Autistic Disorder

Answer 1

Development of social interaction and communication is impaired.

• inability to initiate or sustain conversation
• lack of spoke language
• repetitive speech/ echolalia
• absence of pretend or spontaneous play

Symptoms before age 3

Question 2

Asperger Syndrome

Answer 2

Delays in social interaction

Repetitive behaviors

NO DELAYS in language, speech, cognition or curiosity

Question 3

PDD-NOS Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified

Answer 3

Does not meet specific criteria for autism

Question 4

Diagnostic criteria (3)

Answer 4

Delays or abnormal functioning in AT least 1 of the following areas with onset prior to age 3:

1 - Social interaction
2 - Language as used in social communication
3 - Symbolic or imaginative play

Question 5

Rhett Disorder

Answer 5

Genetic

Females w typical development

Around 5 months start losing skills, brain growth decelerates

Stereotypical arm mvmts.

Question 6

Childhood dis integrative disorder

Answer 6

Typical development

Sudden loss of language, bowel and bladder control after 2 years or older

Question 7

Fragile X syndrome

Answer 7

Genetic
Male
Presentation very similar to ASD

Question 8

ASD Autism Spectrum Disorder

Answer 8

Autism disorder

Aspergers Syndrome

PDD - NOS

Question 9

SCD Social Communication Disorder

Answer 9

Limitations in the use of social language

Absence of restricted interests and repetitive behaviors

Question 10

Screening tools

Answer 10

ADOS - Autism Disorder Observation Scale

M-CHAT - Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers

STAT - Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers and Young Children

Question 11

Age of Autism diagnosis

Answer 11

Early as 2 years

Typically closer to 4

Question 12

More sever cases diagnosed earlier…what are the time periods for all 3?

Answer 12

ASD: 4 yrs

PDD-NOS: 4yrs 2mo

Aspergers: 6yrs 2mo

Question 13

Signs parents may notice within the 1st yr

Answer 13

Vision and hearing
Social and Communication
Fine motor

Question 14

Potential Risk Factors

Answer 14

Weak genetic link: 10%
Identical twins and siblings
46% children w ASD have above avg intelligence
Children born to older parents have higher risk
Exposure to prescription meds

Question 15

Vaccination

Answer 15

No connection

Mercury no longer used to bind vaccinations

Question 16

Chances

Answer 16

1 in 68

Boys: 1 in 42

Girls: 1 in 189

Question 17

Head circumference

Answer 17

Typical at birth
Increases in first 2 yrs

• overgrowth followed by arrest in growth and degeneration
• overgrowth in frontal, temp, amygdala

Question 18

Over connection

Answer 18

Short range

Question 19

Under connection

Answer 19

Long range

• poor integration of areas
• ability to complete simple tasks is uninhibited

Question 20

Cognitive

Answer 20

Attention

• preoccupied
• diff shifting focus
• lack of or delayed response to name

Executive function

• diff inhibiting repetitive movements
• inflexibility in patterns

Question 21

Social/communication

Answer 21

Diff dev social relationships
Solitary play
Lack of eye contact
Language
-lack of language 
-echolalia
-pragmatic language

Question 22

Motor

Answer 22

Deficits in:
Arm movements
Bilateral coordination 
Gait and balance 
Praxis/Motor planning

Question 23

Stereotypical motor behavior

Answer 23

Repetitive behavior
Resistance to change, impulsive behavior
Excessive preoccupation

Question 24

Gait may appear ataxic: 3 other signs include:

Answer 24

Lack of alternate arm swing
Tow walking
Deficits in feedback (adaptation) and feed forward (anticipation and planning)

Question 25

Praxis and Imitation

Answer 25

Impaired ability to plan, coordinate and execute complex movement sequences Able to perform simple motor tasks May perform more complex tasks spontaneously Poor imitation skills

Question 26

During the parent interview, ask them their child preferences for:

Answer 26

Activities Textures Routines

Question 27

Parent interview: Ask them about their child's communication including:

Answer 27

Onset of speech Means of communication

Question 28

Also ask parents during the interview about what 2 factors?

Answer 28

Behavior therapy Interaction w peers

Question 29

Who else do we collaborate with?

Answer 29

Psych and special Ed: behavioral plan Speech and language: comm strategies Occupational therapists: sensory needs

Question 30

Standardize Assessment used:

Answer 30

M-ABC movement Assessment Battery for Children

Question 31

Most common behavioral therapy approach:

Answer 31

ABA - Applied Behavioral Analysis Each skill broke. Down into diff parts Need carryover to home!

Question 32

PECS

Answer 32

Picture Exchange Communication System Child exchanges picture for desired object Phases

Question 33

Developmental Individual Difference Relationship-Based Model

Answer 33

"Floor time" Promotes social interaction Adult follows child's lead Observe>Approach>Follow child's lead>Child expresses ideas

Question 34

Tips for intervention

Answer 34

``` Consistent space Limited toys Sensory needs must be met! Use schedule Routine Prepare for transitions Allow child to take part in planning ```