Autoantibodies

Question 1

Anti-ACh receptor

Answer 1

Myasthenia Gravis

Muscle weakness worse with activity, improved muscle strength with rest, ptosis (levator palpebrae superioris muscle weakness), diplopia (extraocular muscles), dysphagia, dysarthria, hypophonia, facial weakness, extremity muscle weakness (with progression and disease severity)

Type II non-cytotoxic HS rxn (altered cell fxn)

Question 2

Anti-glomerular basement membrane

Answer 2

Goodpasture Syndrome

ABs against alpha 3 chain of collagen type IV

HTN, oliguria, hematuria, HA, edema (peripheral or periorbital)

Nephritic syndrome; RPGN; Type II cytotoxic HS rxn

Question 3

Anti-Beta2 glycoprotein

Answer 3

Antiphospholipid syndrome

Non-specific: Lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin

Question 4

Anticardiolipin, lupus anticoagulant

Answer 4

SLE, Antiphospholipid syndrome

Question 5

Anticentromere

Answer 5

Limited scleroderma (CREST syndrome)

C - calcinosis
R - Raynaud’s phenomenon 
E - esophageal dysmotility 
S - Sclerodactyly 
T - telangectasia

Question 6

Anti-desmoglein (anti-desmosome)

Answer 6

Pemphigus vulgaris

Question 7

Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase, islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies

Answer 7

Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Question 8

Anti-hemidesmosome

Answer 8

Bullous pemphigoid

Question 9

Anti-synthetase (is: Anti-Jo-1), anti-SRP, anti-helicase (anti-Mi-2)

Answer 9

Polymyositis, dermatomyositis

Question 10

Anti-microsomal, anti-thyroglobulin, anti-thyroid peroxidase

Answer 10

Hashimoto thyroiditis

Question 11

Anti-mitochondrial

Answer 11

Primary biliary cirrhosis

Question 12

Anti-parietal cell, anti-intrinsic factor

Answer 12

Pernicious anemia (B12 deficiency anemia)

Type II non cytotoxic HS rxn

Question 13

Antiphospholipase A2 receptor

Answer 13

Primary membranous nephropathy

Question 14

Anti-SCL-70 (anti-DNA topoisomerase 1)

Answer 14

Scleroderma (diffuse)

Question 15

Anti-smooth muscle

Answer 15

Autoimmune Hepatitis type 1

Question 16

Anti-SSA, Anti-SSB (anti-Ro, anti-La)

Answer 16

Sjogren syndrome

Question 17

Anti-TSH receptor

Answer 17

Grave’s disease

HLA B8 association

Type II non-cytotoxic HS rxn (altered cell fxns)

Question 18

Anti-presynaptic voltage-gated calcium channel

Answer 18

Lambert- Eaton myasthenic syndrome

Question 19

IgA anti-endomysial, IgA anti- tissue transglutaminase

Answer 19

Celiac disease

Question 20

MPO-ANCA, p-ANCA

Answer 20

Microscopic polyangitis, eosinophilia granulomatosis with polyangitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome), ulcerative colitis

Question 21

PR3-ANCA/c-ANCA

Answer 21

Granulomatosis with polyangitis (Wegener)

C-ANCA = cytoplasmic anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody —> and autoantibodies against proteinase 3

Treatment w/ immunosuppressive drugs (ie; cyclophosphamide) can yield 90% long term remission

Untreated = 80% mortality rate

Question 22

Rheumatoid factor (IgM antibody against IgG Fc region), anti-CCP (more specific)

Answer 22

Rheumatoid arthritis

Type IV HS rxn

Question 23

Antinuclear (ANA)

Answer 23

Nonspecific screening antibody, often associated with SLE

Question 24

Anti-dsDNA, anti-histone, anti-Smith

Answer 24

SLE

Question 25

Anti-U1 RNP (ribonucleoprotein)

Answer 25

Mixed connective tissue disease