Autoimmune

Question 1

Name two types of Autoimmunity

Answer 1

Systemic (MS)

Tissue Specific (type 1)

Question 2

Name one type of barrier used in sequestering antigens

Answer 2

Blood Brain Barrier

Question 3

What % of the Western Population have an autoimmune condition?

Whos affected moore, male or females?

Answer 3

3%

Females

Question 4

Overall, what defines if someone has an autoimmune condition based off the genetics?

Answer 4

change in alleles of HLA

Question 5

Name the transcription factor involved in deleteting self reactive T cells

Where is it found and on what chromosome

Answer 5

AIRE

Thymus (Chromo.21)

Question 6

What protein is found on cardiac muscle thats found on what bacteria that causes molecular mimicry?

What can this cause?

Answer 6

M protein

Group A streptococcus

Rheumatic Fever

Question 7

IDDM can be caused by what virus with what protein?

What molecular mimicry does it mimic?

Answer 7

Coxsackie B4 virus

Pancreatic islet Glutamic decarboxylase

Question 8

At what point in life does autoimmune diseases peak at

Answer 8

during reproductive years

Question 9

what hormone peaks after pregnancy thats related to autoimmune condition?

What reference?

Answer 9

Prolactin surges after pregnancy

Piccinni, 2016

Question 10

Prolactin surge can induce what autoimmune condition?

Answer 10

SLE

Question 11

What drug is use to treat Wilsons Disease

How does it do it? But what can it induce

Answer 11

Penicillamine

Binds to MHC grove = SLE

Question 12

What type of hypersensitivity is SLE?

What 3 conditions can it induce

Answer 12

type 2/3

HA / Alopecia / Discoid Rashes

Question 13

Who has the majority of SLE cases

Answer 13

women (20-40)

African American

Question 14

What are the main symptoms of SLE (2)

Answer 14

Butterfly rash

Cardiac/brain dysfunction

Question 15

How many people are affected by SLE

Answer 15

26.2/100,000

Question 16

What deficiency is associated with SLE

Answer 16

C2-C4 (pickering, 2000)

Question 17

What Drug is associated with SLE

Answer 17

Hydralazine (Cameron, 1984)

Question 18

What auto antibodies are associated with SLE (3)

Answer 18

Smith Gene

Nuclear

Chromatin/splicesome complex

Question 19

What 2 drugs and 1 procedure can be used as treatment for SLE

Answer 19

Prednisone

Hydroxychloroquine

Dialysis

Question 20

IDDM can be induced by what 2 viruses? What does it do?

Answer 20

Rubella / Coxsackie B4 (auto-AB)

Destroy beta cells

Question 21

What allele change is associated with IDDM

Answer 21

HLA DR3/4

Question 22

In graves disease, what auto-AB is created against what? What does this lead to?

Answer 22

TSH

Hyperthyroidism

Question 23

in Graves disease, whos most affected and by how much?

Answer 23

5x women in 30-40 years old

Question 24

What two treatments are done for graves disease patients

Answer 24

Prednisone

Thyroidectomy

Question 25

What 2 viruses are associated with Rheumatoid Arthritus? What allele is associated with RA?

Answer 25

EBV // HTLV-1 HLA-DR1/4

Question 26

What IG is associated with the immune complex build up in RA = pain?

Answer 26

IgM / IgG

Question 27

What 3 things are used in diagnostics for RA?

Answer 27

High ESR (CRP/Fibrinogen high) Anti-CCP AB Rh factor (in synovial fluid)

Question 28

Define Multiple Sclerosis and who it affects the most

Answer 28

Chronic Demyelinating Disease of CNS caucasians (Huang,2017)

Question 29

What virus and light is associated with the temperate climate association with MS?

Answer 29

Measles + UV + Temperate Climate + equator | Tucker, 2008

Question 30

What does myelin basic protein line? What cells are involved in the autoimmune response against myelin basic protein?

Answer 30

Lines Nerve fibres Autoreactive T cells => Macrophages + IgG

Question 31

What forms a neural deficit in MS patients? What can this neural deficit induce?

Answer 31

Inflammatory Lesions --> Neural Dysfunction-->Deficit Permanent dmg = weakness / highly variable

Question 32

What procedure is done in MS patients for diagnosis? What is done to obtain the sample? How many have these bands?

Answer 32

Isoelectric Focussing --> Oligoclonal Bands (IgG) Lumbar puncture in 90% patients

Question 33

What anti-inflammatory drug is given for MS? What does this do?

Answer 33

IFN-B (Avonex) Improves BBB integrity

Question 34

Natalizumab for MS binds to what? What does it decrease?

Answer 34

VLA-4 B + T lympocytes in CSF (Lesesve, 2011)

Question 35

Avonex and .... is designed as an Anti-CD25 (blocks activated auto T cells) Instead what does it do?

Answer 35

Daclizumab Increases NK cells (CD56)

Question 36

What MAB drug is anti CD52 for MS patients? What does it do?

Answer 36

Alemtuzumab suppresses B / T cells = Decreases lesion sizes

Question 37

Alemtuzumab also deletes what? What unfortunantly can this induce

Answer 37

deletes inhibitory T cells Autoimmune of the thyroid

Question 38

Steroids for general Autoimmune diseases can lead to what for bones?

Answer 38

Osteoporosis Inhibits blast function = Increases Ca2+ abs + Excretion