Autonomic Drugs

Question 1

For sympathetic sweat glands, what is the neurotransmitter on the preganglionic neuron?

Answer 1

Ach

Question 2

For sympathetic sweat glands, what is the receptor at the preganglionic neuron?

Answer 2

nAChR

Question 3

For the sympathetic sweat gland, what is the receptor at the postganglionic neuron?

Answer 3

mAchR

Question 4

For the sympathetic sweat gland, what is the neurotransmitter at the postganglionic neuron?

Answer 4

Ach

Question 5

For parasympathetic stimulation, what is the receptor on the preganglionic neuron?

Answer 5

nAchR

Question 6

What is the neurotransmitter of parasympathetic stimulation at the preganglionic neuron?

Answer 6

Ach

Question 7

What is the neurotransmitter for parasympathetic stimulation at the postganglionic neuron?

Answer 7

Ach

Question 8

What is the receptor for parasympathetic stimulation on the postganglionic neuron?

Answer 8

mAchR

Question 9

For sympathetic stimulation, what is the receptor on the preganglionic neuron?

Answer 9

nAchR

Question 10

For sympathetic stimulation, what is the neurotransmitter on the preganglionic neuron?

Answer 10

Ach

Question 11

For sympathetic stimulation, what is the neurotransmitter at the postganglionic neuron?

Answer 11

NE

Question 12

For sympathetic stimulation, what are the receptors on the postganglionic neuron?

Answer 12

adrenergic receptors

Question 13

Where do parasympathetic afferent neurons originate?

Answer 13

cranial nerves in brain and sacral area

Question 14

Where is the origin for sympathetic neurons?

Answer 14

thoracic and lumbar areas

Question 15

Describe the pre and post ganglia for sympathetic neurons?

Answer 15

short pre-ganglion, long post-ganglion

Question 16

Describe the pre and post ganglia for parasympathetic neurons?

Answer 16

long pre-ganglion and short post-ganglion

Question 17

Would a sympathetic response be diffuse or discrete?

Answer 17

Diffuse

Question 18

Would a parasympathetic response by diffuse or discrete?

Answer 18

discrete

Question 19

What type of receptor is a dopaminergic receptor?

Answer 19

GPCR; cAMP 2nd messenger

Question 20

Where are the dopaminergic receptors?

Answer 20

D2 - in brain

D1 - blood vessels - renal and other splanchnic (limited in periphery)

Question 21

What are NANC’s (non-adrenergic and non-cholinergic) function in PNS?

Answer 21

Nitric oxide (NO)
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide (CGRP)
Neuropeptide Y (NPY)
Substance P

Question 22

What are the steps of neurotransmission?

Answer 22

1. synthesis
2. storage
3. release (vesicle fuse with nerve terminal)
4. action at receptor
5. termination (reuptake, enzyme degradation, or diffusion)

Question 23

What type of receptors are alpha and beta?

Answer 23

GPCR

Question 24

What type of receptor is a nAChR?

Answer 24

ligand-gated ion channel

Question 25

What is the main difference between the two types of muscarinic receptors?

Answer 25

different 2nd messengers

Question 26

What is the primary way of Ach degradation?

Answer 26

breakdown with acetylcholinesterase to choline and acetate and choline is recycled

Question 27

What is the primary termination of action of NE?

Answer 27

reuptake

Question 28

What are the ligands for alpha and beta receptors?

Answer 28

NE and epi and sometimes dopamine

Question 29

What are the 2 major subtypes of nicotinic receptors?

Answer 29

NicN and NicM

Question 30

Where are nicotinic cholinergic receptors located?

Answer 30

autonomic ganglia, skeletal muscle innervated by somatic motor system, CNS

Question 31

What is the concentration of atropine?

Answer 31

0.4 mg/mL

Question 32

What is the dose of atropine?

Answer 32

0.02 mg/kg (15-70 mcg/kg)

Question 33

What is the onset of atropine?

Answer 33

15-30 seconds

Question 34

What is the peak of atropine?

Answer 34

2 mins

Question 35

What is the duration of atropine?

Answer 35

1-2 hours

Question 36

What is the concentration of glycopyrolate?

Answer 36

0.2 mg/mL

Question 37

What is the dose of glycopyrolate?

Answer 37

0.01 mg/kg (10-20 mcg/kg)

Question 38

What is the onset of glycopyrolate?

Answer 38

1 min

Question 39

What is the peak of glycopyrolate?

Answer 39

5 mins

Question 40

What is the duration of glycopyrolate?

Answer 40

2-4 hours

Question 41

What type of AChE is edrophonium?

Answer 41

quarternary ammonium anticholinesterase

Question 42

What is the concentration of edrophonium?

Answer 42

10 mg/mL

Question 43

What is the dose of edrophonium?

Answer 43

0.5-1 mg/kg

Question 44

What is the onset of edrophonium?

Answer 44

30-60 secs

Question 45

What is the peak of edrophonium?

Answer 45

1-5 mins

Question 46

What is the duration of edrophonium?

Answer 46

5-20 mins

Question 47

What type of drug is neostigime?

Answer 47

carbamyl ester anticholinesterase

Question 48

What is the concentration of neostigmine?

Answer 48

0.5 or 1 mg/mL

Question 49

What is the dose of neostigmine?

Answer 49

0.04-0.08 mg/kg

Question 50

What is the onset of neostigmine?

Answer 50

1-3 mins

Question 51

What is the peak of neostigmine?

Answer 51

5-7 mins

Question 52

What is the duration of neostigmine?

Answer 52

40-60 mins