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Pharmacology > Autonomic Drugs > Flashcards

Autonomic Drugs Flashcards

(37 cards)

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1
Q

Epinephrine

A

Adrenergic Agonist
MOA: Acts directly on both alpha and beta receptors
Indication: Asthma, allergic reactions, relaxes airways and reduces swelling

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2
Q

Pseudoephedrine

A

Adrenergic Agonist
MOA: Causes release of noradrenaline
Indication: Decongestant for colds and rhinitis

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3
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Adrenergic Agonist
MOA: Selective alpha1 agonist
Indication: Decongestant for colds and rhinitis

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4
Q

Amphetamines

A

Adrenergic Agonist
MOA: Causes accumulation of noradrenaline at synapse
Indication: Not clinically used except for treatment of narcolepsy and attention deficiency hyperkinesis

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5
Q

Ephedrine

A

Adrenergic Agonist
MOA: Acts indirectly on both alpha and beta receptors, release of endogenous catecholamines
Indication: Vasopressor

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6
Q

Terbutaline

A

Adrenergic Agonist
MOA: Selective beta2 agonist
Indication: Bronchodilator in asthma and tocolytic agent in premature labour

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7
Q

Clonidine

A

Adrenergic Agonist
MOA: Selective alpha2 agonist
Indication: Treatment of hypertension

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8
Q

Dopexamine

A

Adrenergic Agonist
MOA: Dopamine alpha2 agonist with beta2 agonist activity
Indication: Used for hemodynamic support for patients with low cardiac output as in heart failure

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9
Q

Reserpine

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
MOA: Blocks the synthesis and storage of norepinephrine
Indication: Used in the management of some types of hypertension. Sedation is a side effect

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10
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
MOA: Noncompetitively blocks alpha receptors
Indication: Used in the management of malignant hypertension secondary to pheochromocytoma

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11
Q

Phentolamine

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
MOA: Competitively blocks alpha receptors
Indication: Used in the management of malignant hypertension during operations for pheochromocytoma

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12
Q

Prazosin

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
MOA: Selectively blocks alpha1 receptors
Indication: Used in the management of some types of hypertension. No reflex tachycardia and postura hypotension

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13
Q

Propanolol

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
MOA: Nonselectively blocks beta receptors
Indication: Used in hypertension, angina, migraine, headaches and mitral valve prolapse

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14
Q

Metoprolol

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
MOA: Selectively blocks beta1 receptors
Indication: Predominant effects are cardiac

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15
Q

Metoclopramide

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
MOA: Selectively blocks dopamine2 receptors
Indication: Used as a powerful antiemetic; acts by increasing lower esophageal sphincter pressure and increasing the rate of gastric emptying

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16
Q

Acetylcholine

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A

Cholinergic Agonist
MOA: Acts directly on muscarinic receptors
Indication: Used as eyedrops in opthalmology to constrict the iris of the eyes

17
Q

Pilocarpine

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A

Cholinergic Agonist
MOA: Acts directly on muscarinic receptors
Indication: Used as eye drops in the opthalmology to constrict the iris of the eyes. Used in the treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma

18
Q

Betanechol

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A

Cholinergic Agonist
MOA: Acts directly on muscarinic receptors
Indication: Used for the treatment of GI and bladder atony

19
Q

Succinylcholine

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A

Cholinergic Agonist
MOA: Acts directly on nicotinic NMJ receptors. Causes continuous stimulation of nicotinic NMJ receptors. Fasiculations followed by paralysis is a hallmark
Indication: Depolarizing NMJ blocker

20
Q

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors

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A

Acts indirectly on nicotinic receptors. Causes inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, thereby increasing acetylcholine that stimulates nicotinic NMJ receptors

21
Q

Endrophonium

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A

Cholinergic Agonist
ACE Inhibitor - Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
MOA: Short-acting reversible
Indication: Used as a diagnostic aid in myasthenia gravis

22
Q

Neostigmine

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A

Cholinergic Agonist
ACE Inhibitor - Carbamates
MOA: Moderately reversible
Indication: Used to reverse nondepolarizing NMJ blockers

23
Q

Physostigmine

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A

Cholinergic Agonist
ACE Inhibitor - Carbamates
MOA: Moderately reversible
Indication: Used to reverse nondepolarizing NMJ blockers

24
Q

Organophosphates

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A

Cholinergic Agonist
MOA: Irreversible
Indication: Used as insecticides. Poisoning with organophosphates is treated with anticholinergic drugs

25
Tertiary Cholinergic Antagonists
Tertiary compounds are lipid soluble and can easily penetrate the brain
26
Atropine
Cholinergic Antagonist Tertiary - Naturally-occuring alkaloids MOA: Acts directly as competitive antagonist at muscarinic receptors Indication: Used as an anticholinergic agent to reduce salivation, increase heart rate, decrease gastric motility, cause mild bronchodilation, and treatment of organophosphate poisoning
27
Scopolamine
Cholinergic Antagonist Tertiary - Naturally-occuring alkaloids MOA: Acts directly as competitive antagonist at muscarinic receptors Indication: Used as an anticholinergic agent to reduce salivation, increase heart rate, decrease gastric motility, cause mild bronchodilation, and treatment of organophosphate poisoning Same as atropine, but with a more central effect and may cause sedation
28
Dicyclomine
Cholinergic Antagonist Synthetic Ester MOA: Acts directly as competitive antagonist at muscarinic receptors Indication: Used as an anticholinergic agent to reduce salivation, increase heart rate, decrease gastric motility, cause mild bronchodilation, and treatment of organophosphate poisoning Same as atropine
29
Quaternary Cholinergic Agonists
Quaternary compounds are water-soluble and do not penetrate the CNS well
30
Ipratropium
Cholinergic Antagonist Quaternary MOA: Acts directly as competitive antagonist at muscarinic receptors Indication: Used as mild bronchodilatior in asthma therapy
31
Propantheline
Cholinergic Antagonist Quaternary MOA: Acts directly as competitive antagonist at muscarinic receptors Indication: Used as an antispasmodic by decreasing gastric motility
32
Glycopyrrolate
Cholinergic Antagonist Quaternary MOA: Acts directly as competitive antagonist at muscarinic receptors Indication: Used preoperative medication to reduce salivation and maintain heart rate during surgery
33
Gallamine
Cholinergic Antagonist Nondepolarizing NMJ Blockers MOA: Competitively inhibits acetylcholine at nicotinic NMJ receptor sites Indication: Causes nondepolarizing block of the NMJ. Block can be reversed by increasing the amount of acetlycholine at the NMJ
34
Pancuronium
Cholinergic Antagonist Nondepolarizing NMJ Blockers MOA: Competitively inhibits acetylcholine at nicotinic NMJ receptor sites Indication: Causes nondepolarizing block of the NMJ. Block can be reversed by increasing the amount of acetlycholine at the NMJ
35
Atracurium
Cholinergic Antagonist Nondepolarizing NMJ Blockers MOA: Competitively inhibits acetylcholine at nicotinic NMJ receptor sites Indication: Causes nondepolarizing block of the NMJ. Block can be reversed by increasing the amount of acetlycholine at the NMJ
36
Vecuronium
Cholinergic Antagonist Nondepolarizing NMJ Blockers MOA: Competitively inhibits acetylcholine at nicotinic NMJ receptor sites Indication: Causes nondepolarizing block of the NMJ. Block can be reversed by increasing the amount of acetlycholine at the NMJ
37
Rocuronium
Cholinergic Antagonist Nondepolarizing NMJ Blockers MOA: Competitively inhibits acetylcholine at nicotinic NMJ receptor sites Indication: Causes nondepolarizing block of the NMJ. Block can be reversed by increasing the amount of acetlycholine at the NMJ

Pharmacology (2 decks)

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