Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

Sympathetic Nervous System

Answer 1

“Flight or Fight”
Increases HR,RR,BP, pupil size, bronchi size

Question 2

Adrenergic Agonist

Answer 2

Aka sympathomimetics
Mimic the effects of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 3

Examples of Adrenergic Agoniss

Answer 3

Epinephrine and Dopamine

Question 4

Use- Epinenephrine

Answer 4

Cardiac arrest, allergic reaction, hypotension, airway obstruction, ophthalmic preparations

Question 5

Epinephrine Action

Answer 5

Stimulates both beta and alpha receptors

Question 6

Epinephrine Contraindications

Answer 6

Hypersensitivity, cardiac dysrhythmias, hypertension and narrow angle glaucoma

Question 7

Epinephrine Adverse Effects

Answer 7

restlessness, arrhythmia, tachycardia, HTN

Question 8

Epinephrine Monitor

Answer 8

allergy, HR/BP, lung sounds

Question 9

Epinephrine Manage

Answer 9

Administer quickly, light exposure, phentolamine (protects from damage that can be caused to the tissues if med comes out of the veins)

Question 10

Epinephrine Teachings

Answer 10

Teach pt how to administer epinephrine in an emergency

Question 11

Dopamine

Answer 11

Immediate precursor to norepinephrine to treat shock
Alpha and beta stimulant

Question 12

Dopamine Causes

Answer 12

Abnormal heart beat, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, headaches

Question 13

Doses for Dopamine

Answer 13

Low- increase renal output
Low to moderate- cardiac effects
Higher dose- increase peripheral resistance, BP, cardiac effects and vasoconstriction to decrease renal function

Question 14

Dopamine Monitor

Answer 14

Allergy, HR/BP, ECG, cardiac output, urine output

Question 15

Dopamine Manage

Answer 15

Administer quickly, light exposure, phentolamine

Question 16

Dopamine Teachings

Answer 16

Reason for medication, expected results, potential side effects

Question 17

Beta adrenergic Blockers

Answer 17

Aka sympatholytics, beta blockers, adrenergic antagonists
Blocks the effects of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 18

Beta Blocker Use

Answer 18

HTN,angina pectorals, tachyarhythmias,, tremor, prevent MI from reoccurring, glaucoma

Question 19

Beta blocker action

Answer 19

Blocks beta adrenergic receptors

Question 20

Beta blocker contraindications

Answer 20

Allergy, bradycardia or heart blocks, bronchospasm or acute asthma, pregnancy

Question 21

Beta Blocker Adverse effects

Answer 21

Bradycardia, HF, hypotension, bronchospasms

Question 22

Examples of Beta Adrenergic Blockers

Answer 22

-olol
Metoprolol (Lopressor)
Propranolol (Inderal)
Bethanolol

Question 23

Beta Blocker Monitor

Answer 23

Vital Signs esp bradycardia (take apical pulse)
HOLD MED IF LOW BP
BS for hypoglycemia
Lung sounds, RR

Question 24

Beta Blocker Manage

Answer 24

Sit at bed to allow BP to adjust before standing up
Comfort and safety measures
May not be effective in African American pt

Question 25

Beta Blocker Teach

Answer 25

Potential side effects, move position slowly, do not abruptly stop taking, monitor blood sugar

Question 26

Parasympathomimetics

Answer 26

Aka cholinergic agonists Mimic the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system response rest and digest

Question 27

Parasympathomimetics Use

Answer 27

increase bladder tone, urinary excretion, and GI secretions; induce miosis (pupil constriction)

Question 28

Parasympathomimetics Action

Answer 28

Decreased HR, vasodilation Increased tone and contractility in GI smooth muscle Relaxation of sphincters Increased salivary gland and GI secretion Increased bladder contraction Increased respiratory secretion Constriction of pupils (miosis)

Question 29

Parasympathomimetics Contraindications

Answer 29

•GI/urinary tract obstruction •Asthma •CAD coronary artery disease

Question 30

Parasympathomimetics Adverse Effects

Answer 30

•Cramps, •Diarrhea, •Excessive salivation •Muscle weakness, •Diff. breathing (s/s overdose)

Question 31

Cholinergic Agonists Monitor

Answer 31

For contraindications BP, HR,Heart and Lung sounds • Bowel sounds, bladder • Intake and Output

Question 32

Cholinergic Agonists Manage

Answer 32

Administer PO meds on empty stomach • Safety precautions – miosis •Monitor I&O •Antidote: atropine

Question 33

Cholinergic Agonists Teach

Answer 33

•Proper administration of ophthalmic meds OR • Taking PO meds on empty stomach •Need for access to toileting

Question 34

Parasympatholytics

Answer 34

Aka anticholinergic agents Inhibits the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system

Question 35

atropine

Answer 35

Common medication to give pt who are on hospice to decrease respiratory secretions in tract so labored breathings are less Can also increase HR and BP

Question 36

Parasympatholytics/Anticholinergic Agents Use

Answer 36

decrease GI activity, Ophthalmic (pupil dilation), bronchodilation, overactive bladder, symptomatic bradycardia, motion sickness

Question 37

Parasympatholytics/Anticholinergic Agents Action

Answer 37

Block acetylcholine at receptor site Increases HR, vasoconstriction Decreased tone and contractility in GI smooth muscle Constriction of sphincters Decreased salivary gland and GI secretion Decreased bladder contraction Decreased respiratory secretion Dilation of pupils (mydriasis)

Question 38

Parasympatholytics/Anticholinergic Agents Contraindications

Answer 38

MI, glaucoma, tachycardia, GI obstruction, BPH, bladder obstruction

Question 39

Parasympatholytics/Anticholinergic Agents Adverse Effects

Answer 39

Dilated Pupils •Dry mouth •Decrease GI/GU motility

Question 40

Parasympatholytics/Anticholinergic Agents Monitor

Answer 40

•Contraindications • BP, HR, Heart and Lung sounds • Bowel sounds, bladder •Intake and Output •Pupils

Question 41

Parasympatholytics/Anticholinergic Agents Manage

Answer 41

• Provide comfort measures to tolerate drug effects • Ensure adequate fluid intake

Question 42

Parasympatholytics/Anticholinergic Agents Teach

Answer 42

No OTC- WHY? • Prevent heat exhaustion, •Side effects 3D’s, •Notify MDif urinary retention/constipation

Question 43

Relaxation on a beach -olol Inhibits effects of SNS

Answer 43

Beta Blocker/Sympatholytic

Question 44

“New York” Fast pace stress response Quick

Answer 44

Adrenergic Agonist, Sympathomimetics

Question 45

a lot of urinary output Stimulate PNS Very wet secretions “RAINFOREST”

Answer 45

Cholinergic, Parasympathomimetics

Question 46

Dry up pt urinary output and GI Dry mouth dry eyes Can’t see can’t pee can’t poop can’t spit “Desert”

Answer 46

Anti Cholinergic,Parasympatholytic